Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/588018447f8c9d0a098b4b49
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
Review Article

Biomateriais à base de quitosana com aplicação médica e odontológica: revisão de literatura

Chitosan based biomaterials with medical and dental application: literature review

Spin Neto, R.; Pavone, C.; Freitas, R.M.; Marcantonio, R.A.C.; Marcantonio Jr., E.

Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.37, n2, p.155-161, 2008
PDF
Downloads: 51
Views: 2271

Resumo

A quitosana é um biopolímero hidrofílico obtido a partir da quitina, material existente principalmente nas carapaças de crustáceos, e que representa o segundo polissacarídeo mais abundante na natureza. É originada a partir da reação de desacetilação parcial de quitina, geralmente por tratamento alcalino. Características biológicas como biocompatibilidade e biodegradabilidade fizeram com que fossem encontradas diversas aplicações para este biomaterial na área da saúde. O objetivo deste trabalho foi fazer uma revisão de literatura sobre os processos de obtenção e as aplicações dadas aos biomateriais obtidos a partir da quitosana. Estudos sobre fatores como métodos de esterilização e genotoxicidade desses biomateriais ainda são raros e fundamentais para que, aliados àqueles sobre a aplicabilidade das diferentes formulações possíveis a partir da quitosana, permitam que possamos conferir, na prática clínica cotidiana, o papel que se espera deste biomaterial de vanguarda.

Palavras-chave

Quitosana, quitina, uso terapêutico

Abstract

Chitosan is a hydrophilic biopolymer obtained from chitin, material that is present mainly in crustacean shells, and represents the second more abundant polysaccharide in nature. Originated from partial chitin deacetylation, usually by alkaline treatment, biologic characteristics such as biocompatibility and biodegradability made that several application for this biomaterial could be found, mostly in health sciences area. The objective of this paper was to make a literature review about the attainment protocols and clinical application of chitosan biomaterials. Studies about the sterilization methods and these biomaterial´s genotoxicity are rare and elemental to allow that these new biomaterials could perform the entire expected in daily clinic.

Keywords

Chitosan, chitin, therapeutic use

References

 


1. Akncbay H, Senel S, Ay ZY. Application of chitosan gel in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2007;80:290-6.

2. Bae K, Jun EJ, Lee SM, Paik DI, Kim JB. Effect of water-soluble reduced chitosan on Streptococcus mutans, plaque regrowth and biofilm vitality. Clin Oral Investig. 2006;10:102-7.

3. Chatelet C, Damour O, Domard A. Influence of the degree of acetylation on some biological properties of chitosan films. Biomaterials. 2001;22:261-8.

4. Chen J, Li Q, Xu J, Huang Y, Ding Y, Deng H, et al. Study on biocompatibility of complexes of collagenchitosan- sodium hyaluronate and cornea. Artif Organs. 2005;29:104-13.

5. Decker EM, von Ohle C, Weiger R, Wiech I, Brecx M. A synergistic chlorhexidine/chitosan combination for improved antiplaque strategies. J Periodontal Res. 2005;40:373-7.

6. Felt O, Buri P, Gurny R. Chitosan: a unique polysaccharide for drug delivery. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1998;24:979-93.

7. Gerentes P, Vachoud L, Doury J, Domard A. Study of a chitin-based gel as injectable material in periodontal surgery. Biomaterials. 2002;23:1295-302.

8. Guggi D, Bernkop-Schnurch A. In vitro evaluation of polymeric excipients protecting calcitonin against degradation by intestinal serine proteases. Int J Pharm. 2003;252:187-96.

9. Guggi D, Kast CE, Bernkop-Schnurch A. In vivo evaluation of an oral salmon calcitonin-delivery system based on a thiolated chitosan carrier matrix. Pharm Res. 2003;20:1989-94.

10. Hall EE, Meffert RM, Hermann JS, Mellonig JT, Cochran DL. Comparison of bioactive glass to demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft in the treatment of intrabony defects around implants in the canine mandible. J Periodontol. 1999;70:526-35.

11. Hirano S, Ohe Y, Ono H. Selective N-acylation of chitosan. Carbohydr Res. 1976;47:315-20.

12. Hubbell JA. Biomaterials in tissue engineering. Biotechnology. 1995;13:565-76.

13. Ikinci G, Senel S, Akincibay H, Kas S, Ercis S, Wilson CG, et al. Effect of chitosan on a periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Int J Pharm. 2002;235:121-7.

14. Illum L. Chitosan and its use as a pharmaceutical excipient. Pharm Res. 1998;15:1326-31.

15. Issa JP, do Nascimento C, Bentley MV, Del Bel EA, Iyomasa MM, Sebald W, et al. Bone repair in rat mandible by rhBMP-2 associated with two carriers. Micron. 2007.

16. Issa JP, Nascimento C, Barbosa RES, Melo ASS, Yomasa MM. Morphogenetic protein rhBMP-2 and new bone formation. Int J Morphol. 2006;24:323-30.

17. Je JY, Kim SK. Antimicrobial action of novel chitin derivative. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006;1760:104-9.

18. Lim LY, Khor E, Koo O. Gamma irradiation of chitosan. J Biomed Mater Res. 1998;43:282-90.

19. Liu DZ, Chen WP, Lee CP, Wu SL, Wang YC, Chung TW. Effects of alginate coated on PLGA microspheres for delivery tetracycline hydrochloride to periodontal pockets. J Microencapsul. 2004;21:643-52.

20. Madihally SV, Matthew HW. Porous chitosan scaffolds for tissue engineering. Biomaterials. 1999;20:1133-42.

21. Meyers SP. Preparation of chitin and chitosan. In: Muzzarelli RAA, Peter MG. Chitin Handbook. Grottammare: Atec; 1997. p. 475.

22. Moffatt MF, Cookson WOC. Gene therapy for peanut allergy Nature Med. 1999;5:380-1.

23. Muzzarelli C, Muzzarelli RA. Natural and artificial chitosan-inorganic composites. J Inorg Biochem. 2002;92:89-94.

24. Muzzarelli RA, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Tietz C, Biagini R, Ferioli G, Brunelli MA, et al. Stimulatory effect on bone formation exerted by a modified chitosan. Biomaterials. 1994;15:1075-81.

25. Muzzarelli RA, Rocchetti R. The determination of molybdenum in sea water by hot graphite atomic absorption spectrometry after concentration on p-aminobenzylcellulose or chitosan. Anal Chim Acta. 1973;64:371-9.

26. Muzzarelli RA, Tanfani F, Scarpini G, Laterza G. The degree of acetylation of chitins by gas chromatography and infrared spectroscopy. J Biochem Biophys Methods. 1980;2:299-306.

27. Muzzarelli RAA, Lough C, Emanuelli M. The molecular weight of chitosan studied by laser light scattering. Carbohydr Res. 1987;164:433.

28. Needleman IG, Martin GP, Smales FC. Characterisation of bioadhesives for periodontal and oral mucosal drug delivery. J Clin Periodontol. 1998;25:74-82.

29. Needleman IG, Smales FC. In vitro assessment of bioadhesion for periodontal and buccal drug delivery. Biomaterials. 1995;16:617-24.

30. Needleman IG, Smales FC, Martin GP. An investigation of bioadhesion for periodontal and oral mucosal drug delivery. J Clin Periodontol. 1997;24:394-400.

31. Okamoto Y, Shibazaki K, Minami S, Matsuhashi A, Tanioka S, Shigemasa Y. Evaluation of chitin and chitosan on open would healing in dogs. J Vet Med Sci. 1995;57:851-4.

32. Park IK, Park YH, Shin BA, Choi ES, Kim YR, Akaike T, et al. Galactosylated chitosan-graft-dextran as hepatocyte-targeting DNA carrier. J Control Release. 2000;69:97-108.

33. Park JS, Choi SH, Moon IS, Cho KS, Chai JK, Kim CK. Eight-week histological analysis on the effect of chitosan on surgically created one-wall intrabony defects in beagle dogs. J Clin Periodontol. 2003;30:443-53.

34. Park YJ, Lee YM, Lee JY, Seol YJ, Chung CP, Lee SJ. Controlled release of platelet-derived growth factor-BB from chondroitin sulfate-chitosan sponge for guided bone regeneration. J Control Release. 2000;67:385-94.

35. Park YJ, Lee YM, Park SN, Sheen SY, Chung CP, Lee SJ. Platelet derived growth factor releasing chitosan sponge for periodontal bone regeneration. Biomaterials. 2000;21:153-9.

36. Rao SB, Sharma CP. Use of chitosan as a biomaterial: studies on its safety and hemostatic potential. J Biomed Mater Res. 1997;34:21-8.

37. Rathke TD, Hudson SM. Determination of the degree of N-deacetylation in chitin and chitosan as well as their monomer sugar ratios by near infrared spectroscopy. Polym Sci, Polym Chem Ed. 1993;31:749.

38. Ravi Kumar NMV. A review of chitin and chitosan applications. Reactive & Functional Polymers. 2000;46:1-27.

39. Santos JE, Soares JP, Dockal ER, Campana-Filho SP, Cavalheiro ETG. Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia. Ciência e Tecnologia. 2003;13 242.

40. Senel S, Ikinci G, Kas S, Yousefi-Rad A, Sargon MF, Hincal AA. Chitosan films and hydrogels of chlorhexidine gluconate for oral mucosal delivery. Int J Pharm. 2000;193:197-203.

41. Senel S, McClure SJ. Potential applications of chitosan in veterinary medicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2004;56:1467-80.

42. Singla AK, Chawla M. Chitosan: some pharmaceutical and biological aspects--an update. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2001;53:1047-67.

43. Takeuchi H, Matsui Y, Yamamoto H, Kawashima Y. Mucoadhesive properties of carbopol or chitosan-coated liposomes and their effectiveness in the oral administration of calcitonin to rats. J Control Release. 2003;86:235-42.

44. Tarsi R, Muzzarelli RA, Guzman CA, Pruzzo C. Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans adsorption to hydroxyapatite by low-molecular-weight chitosans. J Dent Res. 1997;76:665-72.

45. Tomihata K, Ikada Y. In vitro and in vivo degradation of films of chitin and its deacetylated derivatives. Biomaterials. 1997;18:567-75.

46. Ueno H, Murakami M, Okumura M, Kadosawa T, Uede T, Fujinaga T. Chitosan accelerates the production of osteopontin from polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Biomaterials. 2001;22:1667-73.

47. Ueno H, Yamada H, Tanaka I, Kaba N, Matsuura M, Okumura M, et al. Accelerating effects of chitosan for healing at early phase of experimental open wound in dogs. Biomaterials. 1999;20:1407-14.

 

588018447f8c9d0a098b4b49 rou Articles
Links & Downloads
1807-2577 (Electronic)
Rev. odontol. UNESP ©2024 All rights reserved.

Rev. odontol. UNESP

Share this page
Page Sections