Análise das microfendas, fraturas dentinárias e desajustes por aplicação de pinos de retenção. Efeito de dobramento e distâncias
Analysis of dentinal fractures, gaps and disadjustments promoted by the retentive pins. Effect of bending
Pfeifer, J.M.G.A.; Gabrielli, F.; Dinelli, W.; Cândido, M.S.M.
Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.14, nÚnico, p.109-118, 1985
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as fraturas, microfendas dentinárias e os desajustes provocados por pinos de retenção para as restaurações. Também estudou-se o efeito do dobramento desses pinos. Foram utilizados seis diferentes tipos de pinos do sistema rosqueável e um do sistema por atrito. As análises foram efetuadas em dois cortes, transversal e longitudinal, de dentes molares recém extraídos, em lupa estereoscópica. Os resultados mostraram que a colocação de pinos provoca sempre algum tipo de alteração na dentina; que o dobramento dos pinos não induz maior porcentagem de alterações dentinárias e que distâncias maiores entre pinos tendem a reduzir o percentual de alterações. No corte transversal o pino rosqueável de menor diâmetro produz menor percentual de alterações e no corte longitudinal os pinos por atrito produzem menor proporção de microfendas e fraturas.
Palavras-chave
Pinos retentivos, fratura dentinária, desajuste pino/dentina
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyse the fractures, dentinal microscopic gaps and disadjustments promoted by restorative retention pins. The effect of bending the pins was also studied. Six different types threading pins and one attrition pin were used. The analyses were made upon two sections, transverse and longitudinal, of recently extracted molar teeth, by means of a stereomicroscope. The results showed that the utilization of pins always promote some kind of alteration of dentin and that the bending of the pin does not create a greater percentage of dentinal alterations. Also, greater distance between the pins tends to reduce that percentage. ln the transverse sectioning, the threading pin of smaller diameter produces a lesser percentage of alterations and the attrition pins, in the longitudinal sectioning, promote a lesser percentage of microfailures and fractures.
Keywords
Retentive-pins, dentinal gaps, dentinal fractures and disadjustments
References
1. BARKMEIER, W.W. & COOLEY, R.L. Self-
shearing retenlive pins: a laboralory evaluati.
on of pin channel penetration before shearing.
J.am. dento Ass., 99:476-9,1979.
2. BARKMEIER, W.W.; FROST, G.D. & COOLEY, L.R. - The two-in-one, self-threading, self-shearing pin: efficacy of inserlion techniques. J.am.dent.Ass. 97:51-3, 1978.
3. BELL, B. & GRAINGER, D. - Variations in procedure of lhe c1ass II cavity preparation for amalgam requiring the complete removal of one or more cusps (mesio-ocluso-lingual preparalion requering additional relention from pins-mandibular rigth second molar). ln: Basic operative dentistry procedures. 2.ed. Philadelphia, Lea& Febiger, 1971. p. 72-3.
4. CAPUTO, A.A. & STANDLEE, J.P. - Pins and posls - why, when and how. Dem. Clin. N. Am., 20: 299-311, 1976.
5. CAPUTO, A.A.; STANDLEE, J.P. & COLLARD, E. W. - The mechanics of load transfer by relenlive pins. J. prost. Dent., 29:442-9, 1973.
6. CHAN, K.C. - A proposed retentive pin. J.prosth. Dent., 40:166-8, 1978.
7. CHAN, K.C. & SVARE, C.W. - Compa;ison of the denlinal crazing ability of retention pins and machinist's taps. J. dento Res., 52: 178, 1973.
8. CHAN, K.C. & SVARE, C.W. - Leakage around various types of relention pins. J. prosth. Dent., 33:191-5,1975.
9. CHAN, K.C.; STANDLEE, P. J. & COLLARD, E.W. - Effect of various retention pin inscrtion lechniques on dentinal crazing. J. dento Res., 53: 941, 1974.
10. CHARBENEAU, G.T. - Restaurações e núcleos de amálgama retidos a pino. ln: Princípios e prática de dentística operatória. 2. ed. Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara Koogan, 1975, p.305-31.
11. COLLARD, E.W.; CAPUTO, A.A. & STANDLEE, J.P. - Rationa1e for pin-retained amalgam restorations. Dent. Clin. N. Am., /4: 43-51, 1970.
12. COLLARD, E.W.; CAPUTO, A.A. & STANDLEE, J.P. - ln vitro ana1ysis of selfshearing retentive pins. J. prosth. Dent. 45:156-9, 1981.
13. COURTADE, G.L. - Pin pointers. III - Selfthreading pins. J. prosth. Dent., 20:335-8, 1968.
14. DAWSON, P.E. - Pin-retained amalgam. Dent. Clin. N. Am., /4:63-71, 1970.
15. DHURU, V.B. - Axial stiffness of retention pins in human dentin. J. dento Res., 58: 1055-9, 1979.
16. DHURU, V.B. - A photoe1astic study af stress concentrations produced by retention pins in amalgam restorations. J. dent Res., 58: 1060-4, 1979.
17. DIETZ, W.H. - Means of saving mutilated teeth. J.prosth. Dent., //:967-72, 1961.
18. DILTS, W.E. & COURY, T.L. - A conservative approach to the placement of retentive pins. Dent. Clin. N.Am., 20: 397-402, 1976.
19. DILTS, W.E.; WELK, D.A.; LASWELL, H.R. & GEORGE, L. Crazing of tooth structure associated with p1acement of pins for amalgam restorations. J.Am. dento Ass., 8/: 38791,1970.
20. GALINDO, Y. - Stress-induced effects of retentive pins: a review of the literature. J. prosth. Dent., 44: 183-6, 1980.
21. GARMAN, T.A.; BINON,.P.P.; AVERETTE, D. & TALMAN, R.G. - Self-lhreading pin penelration inlo dentin. J. prosth. Dent., 43: 298-302, 1980.
22. GILMORE, W. & LUND, M.R. - Restauração com amálgama retida a pino. ln: Dentística operatória. 2.ed. Rio de Janeiro, GuanabaraKoogan, 1975. p. 305-31.
23. GOING, R.E. Pin-relained amalgam. J.am.dent.Ass., 73:619-24, 1966.
24. JANIS, J.N. & LUGASSY, A.A. - Pinretained composite resin buildup extensively broken-down vital leelh. J.am.dent.Ass., 85: 346-50, 1972.
25. KH~RA, S.e.; CHAN, K.e. & RITTMAN, B.R.J. - Dentinal crazing and interpin distance. J. prosth. Dent., 40: 538-43, 1978.
26. MARKLEY, M.R. - Pin reinforcement and retention of amalgam fandations and restorations. J.am.dent.Ass., 56: 657-9, 1958.
27. MARKLEY, M.R. - Pin-retained and pinreinforced amalgam. J.am.dent.Ass., 73: 12951300, 1966.
28. MARKLEY, M.R. - Pin-retained and reinforced restorations and foundations. Den.Clin.N.Am., II: 229-44, 1967.
29. MATTOS JR., F.M. - A new self-threading pino J. prosth. Dent., 29: 81-3, 1973.
30. MOFFA; J.P.; RAZZANO, M.R. & FOLIO, J. - Influence of cavity varnish on microleakage and retention of various pin-retaining devices. J.prosth. Dent., 20: 541-51,1968.
31. MOFFA, J.P.; RAZZANO, M.R. & DOYLE, M.G. -' Pins: a comparison of their retentive properties. J.am.dent.Ass., 78: 529-35, 1969.
32. MONDELLI, J.; ISHIKIRIAMA, A.; GALAN, LI. & NAVARRO, M.F.L. Amálgama com reforço. ln: Dentíslica operatória. 2.ed. São Paulo, Sarvier, 1976. p. 147-55.
33. NEWITTER, D.; GWINNETT, A. & CAPUTTO, L. - Pin channel-twist drill interface after multiple use of drill. ln: GENERAL SESSION OF IA DR, 60, New Orfeans, 1982. Apud: J.dent.Res., 61: 344-1 982.
34. PAMEIJER, e.J. & STALLARD. R.E. - Effect of self-threading pins. J.am.dent.Ass., 85: 895-9, 1972. 118
35. PEREZ, R.E.; SCHOENECK, G.A. & YANAHARA, H.M. - The adaptation of noncemented pins. J. prosth. Dent., 26: 631-9, 1971.
36. RAMFJORD, S.P.; BERRY, H.M.; CHARBENEAU, G.T.; LEE, R.E.; PAVONE, B.W. & PHILLlPS, R.W. - Report of the committee on scientific investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J.prosth.Dent., 32:202-3, 1974.
37. SCHLlSSEL, E.S.; HMELO, A. & BILELLO, J. - A model for tensile failure of TMS regular self-threading retentive pins. ln: GENERAL SESSION OF IADR, 56, Washington, 1978, Apud: J. dento Res., 57: (SP. issue A): 172,1978.
38. SCHLISSEL, E.S.; HMELO, A.& BILELLO,J. The failure of self-threading retentive pins under tensile load. J. dent.Res., 58:2105-0, 1979.
39. STANDLEE, J.P. & COLLARD, E.W. & CAPUTTO, A.A. - Dentinal defects caused by some twist drills and retentive pins. J.prosth. Dent., 24: 185-92, 1970.
40. STANDLEE, J.P.; CAPUTTO, A.A. & COLLARD, E. W. - Relenlive pin inslallation stresses. Dent.Pract.dent.Rec., 21: 417-22, 1971.
41. TRABERT, K.e.; CAPUTO, A.A.; COLLARD, E.W. & STANDLLE, J.P. - Slress transfer lO the dental pulp by retentive pins. J. prosth.Denl., 30: 808-15, 1973.
42. WINSTANLI;Y, R.B. - Pin-retained amalgam resloralions, Br. dent.J., 130:327-33, 1971.
43. ZMENER, O. - Retenciones adicionales: su acción sobre las estrucluras dentárias. Rev. Asoc. odontol. argent., 65: 18-26, 1977.
44. ZMENER, O. - Adaplalion of threaded dowels to dentin. J. proslh. Dent., 43: 530-5, 1-980.
2. BARKMEIER, W.W.; FROST, G.D. & COOLEY, L.R. - The two-in-one, self-threading, self-shearing pin: efficacy of inserlion techniques. J.am.dent.Ass. 97:51-3, 1978.
3. BELL, B. & GRAINGER, D. - Variations in procedure of lhe c1ass II cavity preparation for amalgam requiring the complete removal of one or more cusps (mesio-ocluso-lingual preparalion requering additional relention from pins-mandibular rigth second molar). ln: Basic operative dentistry procedures. 2.ed. Philadelphia, Lea& Febiger, 1971. p. 72-3.
4. CAPUTO, A.A. & STANDLEE, J.P. - Pins and posls - why, when and how. Dem. Clin. N. Am., 20: 299-311, 1976.
5. CAPUTO, A.A.; STANDLEE, J.P. & COLLARD, E. W. - The mechanics of load transfer by relenlive pins. J. prost. Dent., 29:442-9, 1973.
6. CHAN, K.C. - A proposed retentive pin. J.prosth. Dent., 40:166-8, 1978.
7. CHAN, K.C. & SVARE, C.W. - Compa;ison of the denlinal crazing ability of retention pins and machinist's taps. J. dento Res., 52: 178, 1973.
8. CHAN, K.C. & SVARE, C.W. - Leakage around various types of relention pins. J. prosth. Dent., 33:191-5,1975.
9. CHAN, K.C.; STANDLEE, P. J. & COLLARD, E.W. - Effect of various retention pin inscrtion lechniques on dentinal crazing. J. dento Res., 53: 941, 1974.
10. CHARBENEAU, G.T. - Restaurações e núcleos de amálgama retidos a pino. ln: Princípios e prática de dentística operatória. 2. ed. Rio de Janeiro, Guanabara Koogan, 1975, p.305-31.
11. COLLARD, E.W.; CAPUTO, A.A. & STANDLEE, J.P. - Rationa1e for pin-retained amalgam restorations. Dent. Clin. N. Am., /4: 43-51, 1970.
12. COLLARD, E.W.; CAPUTO, A.A. & STANDLEE, J.P. - ln vitro ana1ysis of selfshearing retentive pins. J. prosth. Dent. 45:156-9, 1981.
13. COURTADE, G.L. - Pin pointers. III - Selfthreading pins. J. prosth. Dent., 20:335-8, 1968.
14. DAWSON, P.E. - Pin-retained amalgam. Dent. Clin. N. Am., /4:63-71, 1970.
15. DHURU, V.B. - Axial stiffness of retention pins in human dentin. J. dento Res., 58: 1055-9, 1979.
16. DHURU, V.B. - A photoe1astic study af stress concentrations produced by retention pins in amalgam restorations. J. dent Res., 58: 1060-4, 1979.
17. DIETZ, W.H. - Means of saving mutilated teeth. J.prosth. Dent., //:967-72, 1961.
18. DILTS, W.E. & COURY, T.L. - A conservative approach to the placement of retentive pins. Dent. Clin. N.Am., 20: 397-402, 1976.
19. DILTS, W.E.; WELK, D.A.; LASWELL, H.R. & GEORGE, L. Crazing of tooth structure associated with p1acement of pins for amalgam restorations. J.Am. dento Ass., 8/: 38791,1970.
20. GALINDO, Y. - Stress-induced effects of retentive pins: a review of the literature. J. prosth. Dent., 44: 183-6, 1980.
21. GARMAN, T.A.; BINON,.P.P.; AVERETTE, D. & TALMAN, R.G. - Self-lhreading pin penelration inlo dentin. J. prosth. Dent., 43: 298-302, 1980.
22. GILMORE, W. & LUND, M.R. - Restauração com amálgama retida a pino. ln: Dentística operatória. 2.ed. Rio de Janeiro, GuanabaraKoogan, 1975. p. 305-31.
23. GOING, R.E. Pin-relained amalgam. J.am.dent.Ass., 73:619-24, 1966.
24. JANIS, J.N. & LUGASSY, A.A. - Pinretained composite resin buildup extensively broken-down vital leelh. J.am.dent.Ass., 85: 346-50, 1972.
25. KH~RA, S.e.; CHAN, K.e. & RITTMAN, B.R.J. - Dentinal crazing and interpin distance. J. prosth. Dent., 40: 538-43, 1978.
26. MARKLEY, M.R. - Pin reinforcement and retention of amalgam fandations and restorations. J.am.dent.Ass., 56: 657-9, 1958.
27. MARKLEY, M.R. - Pin-retained and pinreinforced amalgam. J.am.dent.Ass., 73: 12951300, 1966.
28. MARKLEY, M.R. - Pin-retained and reinforced restorations and foundations. Den.Clin.N.Am., II: 229-44, 1967.
29. MATTOS JR., F.M. - A new self-threading pino J. prosth. Dent., 29: 81-3, 1973.
30. MOFFA; J.P.; RAZZANO, M.R. & FOLIO, J. - Influence of cavity varnish on microleakage and retention of various pin-retaining devices. J.prosth. Dent., 20: 541-51,1968.
31. MOFFA, J.P.; RAZZANO, M.R. & DOYLE, M.G. -' Pins: a comparison of their retentive properties. J.am.dent.Ass., 78: 529-35, 1969.
32. MONDELLI, J.; ISHIKIRIAMA, A.; GALAN, LI. & NAVARRO, M.F.L. Amálgama com reforço. ln: Dentíslica operatória. 2.ed. São Paulo, Sarvier, 1976. p. 147-55.
33. NEWITTER, D.; GWINNETT, A. & CAPUTTO, L. - Pin channel-twist drill interface after multiple use of drill. ln: GENERAL SESSION OF IA DR, 60, New Orfeans, 1982. Apud: J.dent.Res., 61: 344-1 982.
34. PAMEIJER, e.J. & STALLARD. R.E. - Effect of self-threading pins. J.am.dent.Ass., 85: 895-9, 1972. 118
35. PEREZ, R.E.; SCHOENECK, G.A. & YANAHARA, H.M. - The adaptation of noncemented pins. J. prosth. Dent., 26: 631-9, 1971.
36. RAMFJORD, S.P.; BERRY, H.M.; CHARBENEAU, G.T.; LEE, R.E.; PAVONE, B.W. & PHILLlPS, R.W. - Report of the committee on scientific investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J.prosth.Dent., 32:202-3, 1974.
37. SCHLlSSEL, E.S.; HMELO, A. & BILELLO, J. - A model for tensile failure of TMS regular self-threading retentive pins. ln: GENERAL SESSION OF IADR, 56, Washington, 1978, Apud: J. dento Res., 57: (SP. issue A): 172,1978.
38. SCHLISSEL, E.S.; HMELO, A.& BILELLO,J. The failure of self-threading retentive pins under tensile load. J. dent.Res., 58:2105-0, 1979.
39. STANDLEE, J.P. & COLLARD, E.W. & CAPUTTO, A.A. - Dentinal defects caused by some twist drills and retentive pins. J.prosth. Dent., 24: 185-92, 1970.
40. STANDLEE, J.P.; CAPUTTO, A.A. & COLLARD, E. W. - Relenlive pin inslallation stresses. Dent.Pract.dent.Rec., 21: 417-22, 1971.
41. TRABERT, K.e.; CAPUTO, A.A.; COLLARD, E.W. & STANDLLE, J.P. - Slress transfer lO the dental pulp by retentive pins. J. prosth.Denl., 30: 808-15, 1973.
42. WINSTANLI;Y, R.B. - Pin-retained amalgam resloralions, Br. dent.J., 130:327-33, 1971.
43. ZMENER, O. - Retenciones adicionales: su acción sobre las estrucluras dentárias. Rev. Asoc. odontol. argent., 65: 18-26, 1977.
44. ZMENER, O. - Adaplalion of threaded dowels to dentin. J. proslh. Dent., 43: 530-5, 1-980.
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