Exames radiográficos solicitados no atendimento inicial de pacientes em uma Faculdade de Odontologia brasileira
Radiographic examination of patient’s initial care in a Brazilian Dental School
Moura, Lucas Borin; Blasco, Marco Aurelio Plá; Damian, Melissa Feres
Resumo
Introdução: Para que radiografias ofereçam mais benefícios do que riscos, precisam ser realizadas ou solicitadas de acordo com cada situação clínica. Objetivo: Avaliar os exames radiográficos solicitados no atendimento inicial em uma Faculdade de Odontologia, considerando os sinais/sintomas e o motivo para busca pelo atendimento. Material e método: Foram avaliados os prontuários de 3.100 pacientes adultos, tratados em um período de três anos, excluindo aqueles em que os pacientes não haviam realizado exames radiográficos na consulta inicial. Numa amostra final de 1.567 prontuários, foram coletados os seguintes dados: idade e gênero, razão da procura pelo tratamento, presença de sinais e/ou sintomas, além da técnica e do número de radiografias realizadas. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva. Resultado: 5.034 radiografias realizadas, com média de 3,24 (±2,97) por paciente. Entre as técnicas, a mais utilizada foi a periapical seguida pela panorâmica. Extração dentária e dor foram as razões mais prevalentes da procura pelo atendimento, enquanto dor, doença periodontal e presença de patologias de tecidos moles foram os sinais/sintomas mais comuns. Verificou-se que 35,41% da amostra não apresentou sinais ou sintomas. Conclusão: Há uma grande variação na requisição de radiografias no exame inicial, mostrando uma falha na aplicação de critérios de seleção de imagens para diagnóstico, o que pode levar à exposição desnecessária do paciente à radiação X.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Introduction: For X-rays offer more benefits than risks, they need to be performed or ordered according to each clinical situation. Objective: To evaluate the radiographic exams requested in the initial care in a dental school, considering signs/symptoms and the reported reasons for seeking care. Material and method: We evaluated the medical records of 3100 adult patients treated over a period of three years, and eliminated those who had not performed radiographic examinations in the initial care. In a final sample of 1567 records, was collected: age and gender, reason for seeking care, presence of signs and/or symptoms, beyond technique and the number of radiographs requested. The dates were analysed by descriptive statistics. Result: 5034 radiographs were made, mean of 3.24 (±2.97) per patient. Among the techniques, the most widely used was the periapical, followed by panoramic. Tooth extraction and pain were the most prevalent reasons for seeking care, while pain, periodontal disease and the presence of soft tissue pathologies were the signs/symptoms more common. 35.41% of the sample had no signs or symptoms. Conclusion: There is a wide variation in the request of radiographs for initial care showing a lack of application of criteria in the selection diagnostic imaging, which can lead to unnecessary exposure to radiation X.
Keywords
References
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