Inorganic elemental analysis and identification of residual monomers released from different glass ionomer cements in cell culture medium
Análise elementar inorgânica e identificação de monômeros residuais orgânicos liberados por diferentes cimentos de ionômero de vidro
Tanaka, M.H.; Alécio, Alberto Camilo; Flumignan, D. L.; Oliveira, José Eduardo de; Giro, Elisa Maria Apda.
Abstract
Introduction: Glass ionomer cements (GICs) release inorganic elements and organic residual monomers with the potential for deleterious effects on pulp cells. Objective: To identify and quantify inorganic elements present in different GICs and released components from these materials in cell culture medium. Material and method: Samples of two resin-modified GICs for base/liner (Vitrebond and Fuji Lining LC), two resin-modified restorative GICs (Vitremer and Fuji II LC) and two conventional restorative GICs (Ketac Fil Plus and Ketac Molar Easymix) were prepared and analyzed by Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (EDXRF). Extracts of these materials were obtained by immersion of each sample in separate containers of DMEM for 24 h (total surfaceliquid ratio = 45.7 mm2/mL). The extracts were analyzed by EDXRF and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Result: Higher percentages of strontium, silicon and aluminum were identified in Vitrebond, Vitremer, Fuji Lining LC, Fuji II LC, and Ketac Fil Plus, while zinc was detected only in Vitrebond. Ketac Molar Easymix presented a greater atomic composition of lanthanum, calcium, aluminum and silicon. Strontium was detected in the extracts from all materials except Ketac Molar Easymix; calcium was present in extracts from Ketac Fil Plus; zinc only in Vitrebond; and silicon in Fuji II LC extract. The analysis by GC-MS detected 2-hydroxyethyl-methacrylate (HEMA) in the extracts from all resin-modified GICs, and iodine benzene was detected only in the Vitrebond extract. Conclusion: Of the GICs sampled, Vitrebond released the highest number of components with cytotoxic potential.
Keywords
Resumo
Introdução: Os cimentos de ionômero de vidro (CIVs) liberam elementos inorgânicos e monômeros orgânicos residuais que têm o potencial de causar efeitos deletérios sobre as células pulpares. Objetivo: Identificar e quantificar os elementos inorgânicos presentes em diferentes CIVs, bem como os componentes liberados por estes materiais em meio de cultura celular. Material e método: Espécimes cilindricos de dois CIVs modificados por resina para base/forramento (Vitrebond e Fuji Lining LC), dois CIVs modificados por resina restauradores (Vitremer e Fuji II LC) e dois CIVs convencionais restauradores (Ketac Fil Plus e Ketac Molar Easymix) foram preparados e analisados por Espectrometria de Fluorescência de Raios X por Energia Dispersiva (EDXRF). Em seguida, extratos de 24h desses materiais foram obtidos e analisados por EDXRF e por Cromatografia Gasosa/Espectrometria de Massa (CG/EM). Resultado: Os elementos inorgânicos identificados em maior porcentagem nos CIVs Vitrebond, Fuji Lining LC, Vitremer, Fuji II LC e Ketac Fil Plus foram estrôncio, silício e alumínio, enquanto o zinco foi detectado apenas no Vitrebond. O Ketac Molar Easymix apresentou maior porcentagem dos elementos lantânio, cálcio, alumínio e silício. Estrôncio foi detectado nos extratos de todos os materiais, exceto no Ketac Molar Easymix; cálcio estava presente no extrato do Ketac Fil Plus; zinco apenas no Vitrebond; e silício no extrato do Fuji II LC . O HEMA foi identificado nos extratos de todos os CIVs modificados por resina, e o iodobenzeno, somente no Vitrebond. Conclusão: Entre os CIVs estudados, o Vitrebond é o que libera mais componentes com potencial citotóxico.
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References
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