Correlation between self-esteem and severity of temporomandibular disorders in control and affected subjects
Correlação entre autoestima e grau de severidade da disfunção temporomandibular em sujeitos controle e afetados
Silva, José Adolfo Menezes Garcia; Filho, Almir Vieira Dibai; Machado, Afonso Antonio; Oliveira, Emanuela Moço; Navega, Marcelo Tavella
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1807-25772012000600002
Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.41, n6, p.377-383, 2012
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have association with psychological manifestations. Objective: The aims of this study were to correlate the severity of TMD and the level of self-esteem, and to investigate sex‑related differences. Material and method: We evaluated 57 subjects of both gender, with mean age of 20.28 ± 2.07 years, through the Fonseca Anamnesis Index (FAI) and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSS). Correlations between variables were performed using the Spearman correlation coefficient; comparisons between the genders were performed using the Mann-Whitney test. It was considered a significance level of 5%. Result: No differences were found for the comparisons between the gender in the FAI (p = 0.79) and the RSS (p = 0.90). RSS correlates with the FAI in women (p = 0.01), but in men this result does not occur (p = 0.07). Conclusion: We concluded that women are more likely to have emotional disturbances resulting from changes in the temporomandibular joint than men.
Keywords
Self concept, temporomandibular joint disorders, gender identity.
Resumo
A disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) apresenta associação com manifestações psicológicas. Objetivo: Os objetivos deste estudo foram correlacionar o grau de severidade da DTM e o nível de autoestima, e investigar diferenças relacionadas ao gênero. Material e método: Foram avaliados 57 sujeitos de ambos os gêneros, com idade média de 20,28 ± 2,07 anos, por meio do Índice Anamnésico de Fonseca (IAF) e da Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (EAR). As correlações entre as variáveis foram avaliadas por meio do coeficiente de correlação de Spearman; as comparações entre os gêneros foram realizadas com a utilização do teste Mann-Whitney. Foi considerado um nível de significância de 5%. Resultado: Não foram encontradas diferenças para as comparações entre os gêneros no IAF (p = 0,79) e na EAR (p = 0,90). A EAR se correlacionou com o IAF em mulheres (p = 0,01); contudo, em homens, este resultado não ocorreu (p = 0,07). Conclusão: Conclui-se que as mulheres são mais propensas a apresentar distúrbios emocionais decorrentes de alterações na articulação temporomandibular do que os homens.
Palavras-chave
Autoimagem, transtornos da articulação temporomandibular, identidade de gênero.
References
1. Leeuw R. Orofacial pain: guidelines for assessment, diagnosis, and management. 4th ed. Chicago: Quintessence; 2008.
2. Carrara SV, Conti PCR, Barbosa JS. Termo do 1º consenso em disfunção temporomandibular e dor orofacial. Dental Press J Orthod. 2010;15:114-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2176-94512010000300014
3. Svensson P, Graven-Nielsen T. Craniofacial muscle pain: review of mechanisms and clinical manifestations. J Orofac Pain. 2001;15:117‑45. PMid:11443825.
4. Oral K, Bal-Küçük B, Ebeoglu B, Dinçer S. Etiology of temporomandibular disorder pain. Agri. 2009;21:89-94. PMid:19779999.
5. Greene CS. The etiology of temporomandibular disorders: implications for treatment. J Orofac Pain. 2001;15: 93-105. PMid:11443830.
6. McNeely ML, Olivo SA, Magee DJ. A systematic review of the effectiveness of physical therapy interventions for temporomandibular disorders. Phys Ther. 2006;86:710-25. PMid:16649894.
7. Pow EH, Leung KCM, McMillan AS. Prevalence of symptoms associated with temporomandibular disorders in Hong Kong Chinese. J Orofac Pain. 2001;15:228-34. PMid:11575193.
8. Oliveira AS, Dias EM, Contato RG, Bérzin F. Prevalence study of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in Brazilian college students. Braz Oral Res. 2006;20:3-7. PMid:16729167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1806-83242006000100002
9. Warren MP, Fried JL. Temporomandibular disorders and hormones in women. Cells Tissues Organs. 2001;169:187-92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000047881
10. Gonçalves DAG, Dal Fabbro AL, Campos JADB, Bigal ME, Speciali JG. Symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in the population: an epidemiological study. J Orofac Pain. 2010;24:270-8. PMid:20664828.
11. Brandini DA, Benson J, Nicholas MK, Murray GM, Peck CC. Chewing in temporomandibular disorder patients: an exploratory study of an association with some psychological variables. J Orofac Pain. 2011;25:56-67. PMid:21359238.
12. Bonjardim LR, Lopes-Filho RJ, Amado G, Albuquerque Jr RL, Gonçalves SRJ. Association between symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and gender, morphological occlusion, and psychological factors in a group of university students. Indian J Dent Res. 2009;20:190‑4. PMid:19553721. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0970-9290.52901
13. Hoffmann RG, Kotchen JM, Kotchen TA, Cowley T, Dasgupta M, Cowley AW. Temporomandibular disorders and associated clinical comorbidities. Clin J Pain. 2011;27:268-74. PMid:21178593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/AJP.0b013e31820215f5
14. Assis SG, Avanci JQ. Uma bússola no labirinto: bases que formam e investigam a auto-estima. In: Assis SG, Avanci JQ. Labirinto de espelhos: formação da auto-estima na infância e na adolescência. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Fiocruz; 2004. p. 25-48.
15. Avanci JQ, Assis SG, Santos NC, Oliveira RVC. Adaptação transcultural de escala de auto-estima para adolescentes. Psicol Reflex Crit. 2007;20:397-405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-79722007000300007
16. Rosenberg M. Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 1956.
17. Dini GM, Quaresma MR, Ferreira LM. Adaptação cultural e validação da versão brasileira da escala de auto-estima de Rosenberg. Rev Soc Bras Cir Plást. 2004;19:41-52.
18. Fonseca DM. Disfunção temporomandibular (DTM): elaboração de um índice anamnésico [dissertação mestrado]. Bauru: Faculdade de Odontologia da USP; 1992.
19. Chaves TC, Oliveira AS, Grossi DB. Principais instrumentos para avaliação da disfunção temporomandibular, parte I: índices e questionários; uma contribuição para a prática clínica e de pesquisa. Fisioter Pesqui. 2008;15:92-100.
20. Munro BH. Correlation. In: Munro BH. Statistical methods for health care research. 4a ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott; 2001. p. 223-43.
21. Whitbourne KS, Skultety MK. "Body image development - adulthood and aging". In: Cash TF, Pruzinsky T. Body image: a handbook of theory, research, & clinical practice. New York: Guilford Press; 2004.
22. Dumitrescu A, Zetu L, Teslaru S. Instability of self-esteem, self-confidence, self-liking, self-control, self-competence and perfectionism: associations with oral health status and oral health-related behaviours. Int J Dent Hyg. 2012;10:22-9. PMid:21752194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5037.2011.00519.x
23. Yap AUJ, Dworkin SF, Chua EK, List T, Tan KBC, Tan HH. Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder subtypes, psychologic distress, and psychosocial dysfunction in Asian patients. J Orofac Pain. 2003;17:21-8. PMid:12756927.
24. Manfredini D, Borella L, Favero L, Ferronato G, Guarda-Nardini L. Chronic pain severity and depression/somatization levels in TMD patients. Int J Prosthodont. 2010;23:529-34. PMid:21209988.
25. Manfredini D, Winocur E, Ahlberg J, Guarda-Nardini L, Lobbezoo F. Psychosocial impairment in temporomandibular disorders patients. RDC/TMD axis II findings from a multicentre study. J Dent. 2010;38:765-72. PMid:20600559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2010.06.007
26. Oliveira AS, Bermudez CC, Souza RA, Souza CMF, Dias EM, Bérzin F. Impacto da dor na vida de portadores de disfunção temporomandibular. J Appl Oral Sci. 2003;11:138-43. PMid:21409327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1678-77572003000200010
27. Gardner DH, Parkinson TJ. Optimism, self-esteem, and social support as mediators of the relationships among workload, stress, and well-being in veterinary students. J Vet Med Educ. 2011;38:60-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jvme.38.1.60
28. Özkan NC, Ozkan F. The relationship of temporomandibular disorders with headaches: a retrospective analysis. Agri. 2011;23:13-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/agri.2011.48615
29. Cooper BC, Kleinberg I. Examination of a large patient population for the presence of symptoms and signs of temporomandibular disorders. Cranio. 2007;25:114-26. PMid:17508632.
Facebook
Google+
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
StumbleUpon
CiteULike
Reddit
Email