Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/1807-2577.20260041
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
Original Article

Epidemiological profile and clinical management of patients with intellectual disability treated under general anesthesia: a 10-year retrospective study

Perfil epidemiológico e manejo clínico de pacientes com deficiência intelectual tratados sob anestesia geral: um estudo retrospectivo de 10 anos

Ana Livia ASSONUMA; Isabele Rodrigues de CASTILHO; João Victor Soares RODRIGUES; Caio Jesus de SOUZA; Leticia Helena THEODORO; Daniela Atili BRANDINI; Alessandra Marcondes ARANEGA

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.20260041 Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.55, e20260041, 2026
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Abstract

Introduction: Dental care for individuals with intellectual disability (ID) represents a challenge due to difficulties in cooperation and associated comorbidities, making general anesthesia (GA) a frequently employed strategy to ensure safety and effectiveness of treatment.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile, indications for GA, and dental procedures performed in patients with ID treated under GA at the the Dental Care Center for People with Disabilities (CAOE) of São Paulo State University (UNESP).

Material and method: This was an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection from 2014 to 2024, based on the dental records of 182 patients. Demographic and clinical variables were analyzed, including primary diagnosis, systemic comorbidities, indication for GA, procedures performed, and frequency of interventions per patient.

Result: The mean age was 25.9 ± 12.1 years, with a predominance of males (57%). Most patients presented only one neurological diagnosis (89%), with intellectual developmental disorder being the most frequent (43%). The main reason for GA indication was failure of intravenous sedation (43%), followed by the need for multiple extractions (41%).

Conclusion: The high frequency of single-session extractions highlights the advanced stage of oral diseases and underscores the importance of the hospital environment in resolving such cases. The findings reinforce the need for early preventive strategies and support the planning of public policies and care protocols aimed at promoting oral health and quality of life in this population.

Keywords

Dental care for people with disabilities; hospital dental teams; general anesthesia

Resumo

Introdução: O atendimento odontológico a indivíduos com deficiência intelectual (DI) representa um desafio devido às dificuldades de cooperação e às comorbidades associadas, tornando a anestesia geral (AG) uma estratégia frequentemente utilizada para garantir segurança e eficácia ao tratamento.

Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico, as indicações de AG e os procedimentos odontológicos realizados em pacientes com DI atendidos sob AG no Centro de Assistência Odontológica à Pessoa com Deficiência (CAOE) da Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP).

Material e método: Estudo observacional, descritivo e transversal, com coleta retrospectiva de dados de 2014 a 2024, realizado a partir dos prontuários odontológicos de 182 pacientes. Foram analisadas variáveis demográficas e clínicas, incluindo diagnóstico principal, comorbidades sistêmicas, indicação para AG, procedimentos realizados e frequência de intervenções por paciente.

Resultado: A média de idade foi de 25,9 ± 12,1 anos, com predominância do sexo masculino (57%). A maioria apresentava apenas um diagnóstico neurológico (89%), sendo o transtorno do desenvolvimento intelectual o mais frequente (43%). O principal motivo para indicação de AG foi o insucesso da sedação endovenosa (43%), seguido da necessidade de múltiplas exodontias (41%).

Conclusão: A elevada frequência de exodontias em sessão única evidência o estágio avançado das doenças bucais e destaca a importância do ambiente hospitalar na resolutividade desses casos. Os achados reforçam a necessidade de estratégias preventivas precoces e subsidiam o planejamento de políticas públicas e protocolos assistenciais voltados à promoção da saúde bucal e da qualidade de vida dessa população.

Palavras-chave

Atendimento odontológico para pessoas com deficiência; equipes odontológicas hospitalares; anestesia geral

References

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Submitted date:
06/30/2026

Accepted date:
07/17/2026

6a9034e6a953955d252bcb83 rou Articles
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