Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/1807-2577.20250046
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
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Bioactive glass for bone reconstruction and osseointegration of dental implants

Vidro bioativo para reconstrução óssea e osseointegração de implantes dentários

Ísis de Fátima BALDERRAMA; Marina Trevelin SOUZA; Karoline Bernardes do NASCIMENTO; Edgar Dutra ZANOTTO; Elcio MARCANTONIO JUNIOR

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.20250046 Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.55, e20250046, 2026
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Abstract

Introdução: Os vidros bioativos (BGs) são materiais altamente ativos capazes de induzir a regulação positiva da proliferação e diferenciação de osteoblastos, promovendo a formação de uma camada biologicamente ativa semelhante ao osso, denominada hidroxicarbonato apatita (HCA). A formação dessa camada está diretamente relacionada à ligação óssea e à neoformação óssea.

Objetivo: Apresentar e discutir as propriedades biológicas dos vidros bioativos e suas principais aplicações na Implantodontia e na prática odontológica.

Material e método: Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura baseada em estudos in vivo, modelos animais, ensaios clínicos e evidências acumuladas ao longo de mais de 35 anos de aplicação clínica dos vidros bioativos na Odontologia.

Resultado: Os estudos demonstram que os BGs apresentam propriedades de bioatividade, biocompatibilidade, remodelação óssea e ação antimicrobiana. Na Implantodontia, os BGs comerciais têm sido amplamente utilizados em enxertos e aumentos ósseos, com resultados positivos na formação óssea. Além disso, o uso de BGs como revestimento de implantes dentários de titânio ou zircônia mostrou melhora na osteointegração, com respostas favoráveis de células osteoblásticas e fibroblásticas. Os BGs também demonstraram capacidade de interferir na adesão e no crescimento do biofilme bacteriano.

Conclusão: Com base nas evidências disponíveis, os vidros bioativos apresentam elevado potencial para aplicações odontológicas, especialmente na Implantodontia, devido às suas propriedades osteogênicas e antimicrobianas, sendo considerados materiais promissores para a prática clínica atual e futura.

Keywords

Biocompatible materials; bone regeneration; osseointegration; dental implants

Resumo

Introduction: Bioactive glasses (BGs) are highly active materials capable of inducing positive regulation of osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, promoting the formation of a biologically active layer similar to bone, called hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA). The formation of this layer is directly related to bone bonding and bone neoformation.

Objective: To present and discuss the biological properties of bioactive glasses and their main applications in implant dentistry and dental practice.

Material and method: This is a literature review based on in vivo studies, animal models, clinical trials, and evidence accumulated over more than 35 years of clinical application of bioactive glasses in dentistry.

Result: Studies show that BGs have properties of bioactivity, biocompatibility, bone remodeling, and antimicrobial action. In implant dentistry, commercial BGs have been widely used in bone grafts and augmentations, with positive results in bone formation. In addition, the use of BGs as a coating for titanium or zirconia dental implants has shown improvement in osseointegration, with favorable responses from osteoblastic and fibroblastic cells. BGs have also demonstrated the ability to interfere with the adhesion and growth of bacterial biofilm.

Conclusion: Based on the available evidence, bioactive glasses show high potential for dental applications, especially in implant dentistry, due to their osteogenic and antimicrobial properties, and are considered promising materials for current and future clinical practice.

Palavras-chave

Materiais biocompativeis; regeneração óssea; osseointegração; implantes dentários

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08/12/2025

Aceito em:
13/04/2026

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