Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/1807-2577.20250031
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
Original Article

Discontinuation of mandibular complete denture use: associated factors and clinical implications in public health services

Descontinuidade do uso da prótese total inferior: fatores associados e implicações clínicas em serviços públicos de saúde

Eduardo Henrique da SILVA; Luciana Cristina de OLIVEIRA; Wender Batista de SOUZA; Morgana Guilherme de Castro SILVERIO; Guilherme José Pimentel Lopes de OLIVEIRA; Germana De Villa CAMARGOS

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.20250031 Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.54, e20250031, 2025
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Abstract

Introduction: Edentulism is a highly prevalent public health problem.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate factors associated with the discontinuation of mandibular complete denture (MCD) use and its clinical and subjective repercussions in older adults rehabilitated within the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS).

Material and method: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted with 46 edentulous patients rehabilitated with bimaxillary complete dentures between 2018 and 2024. The main outcome was the MCD use pattern (regular use vs. discontinuation), assessed through interviews and clinical examination. Sociodemographic, clinical, functional, and subjective domains were analyzed, including masticatory performance (CFQ), satisfaction (VAS), oral health-related quality of life (OHIP-EDENT), nutritional status (MNA), and cognition (MMSE).

Result: Discontinuation of MCD use was observed in 43.5% of patients and was associated with poorer masticatory performance and lower treatment satisfaction, but not with sociodemographic variables, oral health-related quality of life, nutritional, or cognitive status. Logistic regression analyses indicated that prosthetic instability, lower satisfaction, and impaired masticatory performance increased the likelihood of discontinuation.

Conclusion: In conclusion, prosthetic instability and negative functional experiences are key determinants of MCD abandonment or irregular use, highlighting the need for structured follow-up and maintenance protocols within the SUS, to ensure effective denture use and optimize oral and general health outcomes.

Keywords

Dentures; complete; mandible, masticatory function, patient compliance, public health dentistry

Resumo

Introdução: O edentulismo é um problema de saúde pública altamente prevalente.

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar os fatores associados à descontinuidade do uso da prótese total mandibular (PTM) e suas repercussões clínicas e subjetivas em idosos reabilitados no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS).

Material e método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, analítico, transversal e retrospectivo, com 46 pacientes edêntulos totais reabilitados com próteses totais bimaxilares entre 2018 e 2024. O desfecho principal foi o padrão de uso da PTM (uso regular vs. descontinuidade), avaliado por entrevista e exame clínico. Foram analisados domínios sociodemográficos, clínicos, funcionais e subjetivos, incluindo desempenho mastigatório (CFQ), satisfação (EVA), qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (OHIP-EDENT), estado nutricional (MNA) e cognição (MEEM).

Resultado: A descontinuidade do uso da PTM foi observada em 43,5% dos pacientes, estando associada a pior desempenho mastigatório e menor satisfação com o tratamento, mas não a variáveis sociodemográficas, qualidade de vida, estado nutricional ou cognitivo. As análises de regressão logística indicaram que a instabilidade protética, a baixa satisfação e a pior performance mastigatória aumentaram a chance de descontinuidade.

Conclusão: Conclui-se que a instabilidade protética e experiências funcionais negativas são fatores centrais para o abandono ou uso irregular da PTM, ressaltando a necessidade de protocolos de acompanhamento e manutenção no SUS, a fim de garantir o uso efetivo das próteses e otimizar os desfechos em saúde bucal e geral.

Palavras-chave

Próteses totais; mandíbula; função mastigatória; adesão do paciente; odontologia em saúde pública 

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Submitted date:
09/13/2025

Accepted date:
11/06/2025

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