Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/1807-2577.14518
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
Original Article

Análise do processo de corrosão na falha clínica de mini-implantes ortodônticos

Analysis of the corrosion process in the clinical failure of orthodontic miniscrew

Marcelo Santos BAHIA; Ana Luiza Santiago LOPES; Paula Liparini CAETANO; Robert Willer Farinazzo VITRAL; Marcio José da Silva CAMPOS

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Resumo

Resumo: Introdução: Mini-implantes ortodônticos são dispositivos de ancoragem confeccionados à base de titânio, possuindo uma camada de óxido de titânio, que desempenha função importante na resistência à corrosão.

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência à corrosão e a microestrutura superficial de mini-implantes novos, utilizados que foram perdidos precocemente e os que obtiveram sucesso de estabilidade, analisando se o processo de corrosão influencia a falha ou a perda de estabilidade, a fim de se comparar com as principais causas de sucesso e insucesso clínico.

Material e método: A amostra foi composta por 3 grupos de 7 mini-implantes divididos da seguinte maneira: Grupo C: mini-implantes na sua forma original, como são recebidos do fabricante (controle); Grupo PE: mini-implantes utilizados em pacientes e que apresentaram perda de estabilidade precoce em até 2 meses (média de 33,5 dias); Grupo E: mini-implantes utilizados em pacientes com sucesso de estabilidade (média de 230 dias). A análise visual da superfície da rosca dos mini-implantes foi feita através de microscópio eletrônico de varredura e todos foram submetidos a ensaio de polarização cíclica potenciodinâmica em potenciostato.

Resultado: A microestrutura superficial não foi significativamente alterada pela permanência e perda precoce de estabilidade em seus sítios ósseos.

Conclusão: Os dados sugeriram que a corrosão não foi fator associado à falha do dispositivo ou perda de sua estabilidade, sendo outros fatores, como o tipo do mini-implante, o seu comprimento e o local de implantação, considerados mais preponderantes com influência no seu insucesso.

Palavras-chave

Procedimentos de ancoragem ortodôntica, corrosão, ortodontia

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Orthodontic miniscrew are titanium-based anchoring devices, having a layer of titanium oxide, which plays an important role in corrosion resistance.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the corrosion resistance and surface microstructure of new miniscrew, those who were used and lost early and those who had achieved stability success, analyzing if the corrosion process influences the failure or the loss of stability of it, in order to compare with the main causes of success and clinical unsuccess.

Materials and method: The sample consisted of 3 groups of 7 miniscrews divided as follows: Group C: miniscrews in their original form, as they are received from the manufacturer (control); Group PE: miniscrews used in patients with early loss of stability in up to 2 months (mean of 33.5 days); Group E: miniscrews used in patients with stability success (mean of 230 days). The visual analysis of the screw surface of the miniscrews was done by scanning electron microscope and all were submitted to a cyclic potentiodynamic polarization in potentiostat.

Result: The surface microstructure was not significantly altered by the permanence and early loss of stability in its bone sites.

Conclusion: The data suggests that corrosion was not a factor associated with device failure or loss of stability, being other factors such as the type of miniscrews, its length and the site of implantation considered to be the most preponderant with influence in its failure.
 

Keywords

: Orthodontic anchorage procedures , corrosion, orthodontics

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