Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/1807-2577.06917
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
Original Article

Prevalência de traumatismos dentários em pacientes com distúrbio neuropsicomotor: estudo controlado

Prevalence of tooth injuries in patients with neuropsychomotor disorder

Anna Karyna Fernandes de Carvalho GALVÃO; Isabella Lima Arrais RIBEIRO; Glória Maria Pimenta CABRAL; Maria Cristina Duarte FERREIRA; Maria Teresa Botti Rodrigues SANTOS

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Resumo

Resumo: Introdução: Lesões dentárias por trauma constituem experiências angustiantes em crianças, que promovem alterações tanto físicas quanto emocionais e psicológicas.

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de traumatismos dentários em pacientes com distúrbio neuropsicomotor e comparar a indivíduos normorreativos.

Material e método: Avaliaram-se 120 indivíduos, sendo 60 com alterações neuropsicomotoras (grupo de estudo) e 60 normorreativos (grupo controle), de ambos os sexos, de 2 a 15 anos de idade, assistidos na Fundação de Apoio ao Deficiente do Governo do Estado da Paraíba. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionário estruturado e exame clínico. Foi realizada análise descritiva e inferencial (teste t-student; teste Exato de Fisher), adotando-se um nível de significância de 5%.

Resultado: A prevalência de traumatismos dentários observada em pacientes com distúrbio neuropsicomotor foi de 20,0%, enquanto que no grupo controle foi de 16,6% (p>0,05); no grupo controle a ocorrência foi maior no sexo masculino. Os grupos diferiram quanto ao tipo de atividade no momento do trauma (p<0,05) em relação à etiologia (p<0,05) e em relação ao local de ocorrência (p<0,05). Para ambos os grupos, os dentes mais afetados foram os incisivos centrais superiores. As fraturas de esmalte, seguidas pelas de esmalte e dentina sem exposição pulpar foram as lesões mais comuns nos dois grupos.

Conclusão: A prevalência de traumatismos dentários em indivíduos com alteração neuropsicomotora é similar à de indivíduos normorreativos, com maior ocorrência no sexo feminino, em fase anterior à adolescência, durante atividades de rotina.

Palavras-chave

Traumatismos dentários, traumatismos, diagnóstico neurológico

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Traumatic dental injuries are distressing experiences in children, which promote both physical, emotional and psychological changes.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of dental trauma in patients with neuropsychomotor disorder and to compare to normoreactive individuals.

Material and method: 120 individuals, 60 neuropsychomotor changes (study group) and 60 normorreatives (control group), of both sexes, from 2 to 15 years old, assisted in the Foundation of Support to the Disabled of the Government of the State of Paraíba. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and clinical examination. Descriptive and inferential analysis (t-student test; Fisher's exact test) was performed, adopting a significance level of 5%.

Result: The prevalence of dental trauma observed in patients with neuropsychomotor disorder was 20.0%, whereas in the control group it was 16.6% (p>0.05); in the control group the occurrence was higher in males. The groups differed according to the type of activity at the moment of the trauma (p<0.05) in relation to the etiology (p<0.05), and in relation to the place of occurrence (p<0.05). For both groups, the most affected teeth were the maxillary central incisors. Enamel fractures, followed by enamel and dentin fractures without pulp exposure were the most common lesions in both groups.

Conclusion: The prevalence of dental trauma in individuals with neuropsychomotor alterations is similar to that of normorreative individuals, with a higher occurrence in females, in preteen phase, during routine activities.
 

Keywords

Tooth injuries, brain, neurological diagnostic

References

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