Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/1807-2577.05721
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
Original Article

Gender influence on antioxidant capacity and oxidative damage in saliva of children with autism spectrum disorder: a preliminary study

Influência do gênero de crianças com transtorno do espectro do autismo na capacidade antioxidante e danos oxidativos na saliva: estudo preliminar

Matheus Morcela De SOUZA; João Victor Soares RODRIGUES; Maria Eduarda CABRERIZO GONÇALVES; Ana Carolina Polanowski ROSSATO; Maria Cristina Ruiz VOMS STEIN; Maria Clara Faria POLI; Letícia Helena THEODORO; Ana Cláudia de Melo Stevanato NAKAMUNE

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Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Autism is a complex neurological disorder with multifactorial causes, which compromises physical, psychological, emotional and social skills. This disorder also impairs dental care and patient oral health. Saliva can be easily obtained using a non-invasive technique and has been used in the diagnosis and screening of many pathologies. Total antioxidant capacity of saliva is reduced in the presence of caries in children and has been studied as a possible marker for autism. However, data on salivary antioxidants in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is scarce.

Objective: This preliminary study evaluated the existence of gender influence on non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity and protein oxidative damage in the saliva of children with this disorder. Our hypothesis is that there are gender differences in these biochemical parameters in children with austim.

Material and method: Whole saliva samples were collected by aspiration between 8:00-11:00 am from 12 girls and 12 boys aged 5 to 15 years, with previous diagnosis for this disorder. Total antioxidant capacity, uric acid, protein concentration and oxidative damage to proteins were analyzed by spectrophotometry. Values were presented as mean ± standard deviation and tested for adherence to normality (Shapiro-Wilk test). The data were then compared using the Mann-Whitney test, considering a 5% significance level.

Result: There was no significant difference between groups for all analyzed parameters (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, we concluded that gender does not influence the levels of oxidative stress markers in the saliva of children with ASD.

Keywords

Autism spectrum disorder, gender, saliva, antioxidant, oxidative stress

Resumo

Resumo: Introdução: O autismo é uma desordem neurológica complexa de causas multifatoriais, que compromete habilidades físicas, psicológicas, emocionais e sociais, podendo dificultar os cuidados com a saúde bucal. A saliva, que pode ser coletada de forma fácil e não invasiva, vem sendo utilizada para diagnóstico e triagem de várias condições e patologias. A capacidade antioxidante total nesse fluido está reduzida em crianças com cárie e tem sido investigada como possível marcador para essa doença, mas são escassas as informações sobre antioxidantes na saliva de crianças com o Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA).

Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo preliminar foi verificar a influência do gênero na diferença da capacidade antioxidante e no dano oxidativo proteico, na saliva de crianças com TEA.

Material e método: A saliva total foi obtida por aspiração, entre 8:00 e 11:00 horas, de 12 meninas e 12 meninos com idades entre 5 e 15 anos, com diagnóstico prévio de TEA. A capacidade antioxidante total, o ácido úrico, a concentração total de proteínas e o dano oxidativo proteico foram analisados por espectrofotometria. Os valores de média e desvio padrão foram testados quanto à normalidade (Shapiro-Wilk teste) e comparados com o teste Mann Whitney. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em 5%.

Resultado: Nenhuma diferença significativa entre os grupos foi observada, nos parâmetros analisados (P>0,05).

Conclusão: Com base nos resultados obtidos, concluímos que o gênero não influencia nos níveis de marcadores do estresse oxidativo na saliva de crianças com TEA.
 

Palavras-chave

Transtorno do espectro autista, gênero, saliva, antioxidantes, estresse oxidativo

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