Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/1807-2577.02324
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
Original Article

Aplicação da membrana homógena de fibrina rica em plaquetas e a fotobiomodulação na regeneração óssea guiada: estudo experimental em ratos

Application of platelet-rich fibrin and photobiomodulation in guided bone regeneration: experimental study in rats

Lorena Ferraz Santos SILVA; Bruno Botto de Barros da SILVEIRA; Jorge Moreira PINTO; Tânia Tavares RODRIGUEZ; Luciana Maria Pedreira RAMALHO; Paula Mathias de Morais CANEDO

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.02324 Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.54, e20240023, 2025
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Resumo

Introdução: A perda óssea pode resultar de diversos fatores etiológicos, como traumas, lesões patológicas ou atrofia tecidual após a perda de unidades dentárias. O tratamento eficaz para a regeneração óssea tem sido um foco crescente na área da medicina regenerativa. A membrana de Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas (PRF) e a Laserterapia de Baixa Intensidade (LBI) têm sido exploradas como terapias auxiliares na promoção da neoformação óssea.

Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade do tecido ósseo formado em um defeito ósseo crítico criado na calvária de ratos, utilizando membrana de PRF isolada ou em combinação com o uso de laser de diodo em sua versão de baixa potência, o laser de baixa intensidade.

Material e método: Um total de 67 ratos Wistar foram divididos em quatro grupos: D (defeito ósseo), DL (defeito ósseo + laser), DPRF (defeito ósseo + PRF) e DPRFL (defeito ósseo + PRF + laser). Membranas de PRF foram obtidas por punção intracardíaca de ratos doadores e aplicadas nos animais dos grupos correspondentes. Para se verificar a influência do fator tempo no processo de regeneração óssea, separaram-se 12 animais de cada grupo, sendo que seis animais foram eutanasiados após 30 dias dos procedimentos cirúrgicos e seis animais, após 60 dias, para avaliação histológica, com análise da contagem de células, da presença de angiogênese e da área de reparo ósseo.

Resultado: Os resultados mostraram que o grupo DPRFL apresentou uma diferença significativa no número total de células em comparação ao grupo D (p < 0,001 após 30 dias e p < 0,01 após 60 dias), além de maior presença de angiogênese (p < 0,01). Embora não tenha sido observada diferença significativa na área de reparo ósseo, o grupo DPRFL mostrou maior espessura óssea após 30 dias.

Conclusão: A combinação de membrana de PRF com laserterapia de baixa intensidade demonstrou efeitos positivos na regeneração óssea, especialmente na promoção de maior espessura óssea vertical, sugerindo um potencial terapêutico sinérgico para o tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos.

Palavras-chave

Fibrina rica em plaquetas; terapia com laser de baixa intensidade; regeneração óssea

Abstract

Introduction: Bone loss can result from several etiological factors, such as trauma, pathological lesions or tissue atrophy after the loss of teeth. Effective treatment for bone regeneration has been a growing focus in the field of regenerative medicine. Platelet-rich fibrin membrane (PRF) and low-level laser therapy have been explored as adjunctive therapies to promote bone neoformation.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of bone tissue formed in a critical bone defect created in the calvaria of rats, using the PRF membrane, whether or not in combination with the use of a diode laser, in its low-power version, or with a low-intensity laser.

Material and method: For this purpose, 67 Wistar rats were divided into four groups: D (bone defect), DL (bone defect + laser), DPRF (bone defect + PRF) and DPRFL (bone defect + PRF + laser). PRF membranes were obtained by intracardiac puncture from donor rats and applied to the animals of the corresponding groups. Six animals from each group were euthanized after 30 and 60 days for histological evaluation, with analysis of cell count, presence of angiogenesis and bone repair area.

Result: The results showed that the DPRFL group presented a significant difference in the total number of cells compared to the D group (p < 0.001 after 30 days and p < 0.01 after 60 days), in addition to a greater presence of angiogenesis (p < 0.01). Although no significant difference was observed in the bone repair area, the DPRFL group showed greater bone thickness after 30 days.

Conclusion: The combination of PRF membrane with low-intensity laser therapy had a positive effect on bone regeneration, especially in promoting greater vertical bone thickness, suggesting a synergistic therapeutic potential for the treatment of bone defects.

Keywords

Platelet-rich fibrin; low-level laser therapy; bone regeneration

References

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Submitted date:
09/02/2024

Accepted date:
05/15/2025

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