Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/1807-2577.02119
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
Original Article

Relationship between dentition, anthropometric measurements, and metabolic syndrome in the elderly

Relação entre dentição, medidas antropométricas e síndrome metabólica em idosos

Rejane Eliete Luz PEDRO; Érica BUGONE; Letícia Copatti DOGENSKI; Moisés Zacarias CARDOSO; Aline HÜBNER DA SILVA; Maria Salete Sandini LINDEN; João Paulo DE CARLI; Eduardo José VALDEZ

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.02119 Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.48, e20190021, 2019
PDF
Downloads: 0
Views: 803

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Tooth loss is a health disorder of the elderly population that may lead to masticatory deficiency and nutritional risks, inducing the biochemical changes of metabolic syndrome (MS).

Objective: To verify the relationship among number of teeth, anthropometric measurements, and MS in a group of elderly people.

Material and method: The study was developed in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, and it was divided into three phases. The first phase collected information from the database of all project participants and the second one collected sociodemographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data. The third phase was divided into two other phases: first, oral health interviews were applied to the elderly (281 patients evaluated by telephone and 23 visited at home) and second, 45 patients were randomly selected and invited to validate the data obtained by telephone with oral clinical examinations performed by a trained dental surgeon. The sample consisted of 304 individuals. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed using statistical tests.

Result: Elderly women with severe tooth loss present a significantly higher risk of developing MS. Thus, the maintenance of natural teeth in the elderly is a protective factor for the syndrome.

Conclusion: The findings support the hypothesis that the oral health of individuals, expressed by the number of teeth, may compromise and increase the risk of MS in the elderly.

Keywords

Epidemiological study, aging, oral health, anthropometry, metabolic syndrome

Resumo

Resumo: Introdução: A perda dentária é um distúrbio de saúde dos idosos que pode levar à deficiência mastigatória e riscos nutricionais, induzindo alterações bioquímicas da síndrome metabólica (SM).

Objetivo: Verificar a relação entre número de dentes, medidas antropométricas e SM em um grupo de idosos.

Material e método: O estudo foi desenvolvido na cidade de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, e foi dividido em três fases. A primeira fase coletou informações do banco de dados de todos os participantes do projeto e a segunda coletou dados sociodemográficos, antropométricos e bioquímicos. A terceira fase foi dividida em duas outras fases: primeiro foram aplicadas entrevistas de saúde bucal aos idosos (281 pacientes avaliados por ligações telefônicas e 23 atendidos em domicílio) e, segundo, 45 pacientes foram selecionados aleatoriamente e convidados a validar os dados obtidos por telefone com exames clínicos orais. A amostra foi composta por 304 indivíduos. Os dados coletados foram tabulados e analisados ​​por meio de testes estatísticos.

Resultado: Mulheres idosas com perda dentária severa apresentam um risco significativamente maior de desenvolver SM. Assim, a manutenção dos dentes naturais nos idosos é um fator protetor para a síndrome.

Conclusão: Os achados reforçam a hipótese de que a saúde bucal dos indivíduos, expressa pelo número de dentes, pode comprometer e aumentar o risco de SM em idosos.
 

Palavras-chave

Estudo epidemiológico, envelhecimento, saúde oral, antropometria, síndrome metabólica

References

Sinha N, Bhattacharya A, Deshmukh PR, Panja TK, Yasmin S, Arlappa N. Metabolic syndrome among elderly care-home residents in southern India: a cross-sectional study. WHO South-East Asia J Public Health. 2016 Apr;5(1):62-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2224-3151.206556. PMid:28604400.

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. Síntese de indicadores sociais: uma análise das condições de vida da população brasileira 2016. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; 2016.

Khosravi-Boroujeni H, Ahmed F, Sadeghi M, Roohafza H, Talaei M, Dianatkhah M, et al. Does the impact of metabolic syndrome on cardiovascular events vary by using different definitions? BMC Public Health. 2015 Dec;15(1):1-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2623-3. PMid:26715355.

Martin K, Mani M, Mani A. New targets to treat obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Eur J Pharmacol. 2015 Sep 15;763(Pt A):64-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.093.

Grundy SM. Overnutrition, ectopic lipid and the metabolic syndrome. J Investig Med. 2016 Aug;64(6):1082-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jim-2016-000155. PMid:27194746.

Bussler S, Penke M, Flemming G, Elhassan YS, Kratzsch J, Sergeyev E, et al. Novel insights in the metabolic syndrome in childhood and adolescence. Horm Res Paediatr. 2017;88(3-4):181-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000479510. PMid:28848168.

O’Neill S, O’Driscoll L. Metabolic syndrome: a closer look at the growing epidemic and its associated pathologies. Obes Rev. 2015 Jan;16(1):1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/obr.12229. PMid:25407540.

Fruh SM. Obesity: risk factors, complications, and strategies for sustainable long-term weight management. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2017 Oct;29(S1):S3-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2327-6924.12510. PMid:29024553.

Gobato AO, Vasques ACJ, Zambon MP, Barros-Filho AA, Hessel G. Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in obese adolescents. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2014 Mar;32(1):55-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-05822014000100010. PMid:24676191.

Festi D, Schiumerini R, Eusebi LH, Marasco G, Taddia M, Colecchia A. Gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Nov;20(43):16079-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i43.16079. PMid:25473159.

Gil-Montoya JA, de Mello AL, Barrios R, Gonzalez-Moles MA, Bravo M. Oral health in the elderly patient and its impact on general well-being: a nonsystematic review. Clin Interv Aging. 2015 Feb;10:461-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S54630. PMid:25709420.

Tyrovolas S, Koyanagi A, Panagiotakos DB, Haro JM, Kassebaum NJ, Chrepa V, et al. Population prevalence of edentulism and its association with depression and self-rated health. Sci Rep. 2016 Nov;6(1):1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep37083. PMid:27853193.

Nibali L, Tatarakis N, Needleman I, Tu YK, D’Aiuto F, Rizzo M, et al. Clinical review: association between metabolic syndrome and periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Mar;98(3):913-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2012-3552. PMid:23386648.

Alhabashneh R, Khader Y, Herra Z, Asa’ad F, Assad F. The association between periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome among outpatients with diabetes in Jordan. J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2015 Aug 16;14:67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40200-015-0192-8. PMCID: PMC4537782.

Tsai SJ, Lin MS, Chiu WN, Jane SW, Tu LT, Chen MY. Factors associated with having less than 20 natural teeth in rural adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health. 2015 Dec;15(1):158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-015-0147-y. PMid:26654530.

Friedman PK, Lamster IB. Tooth loss as a predictor of shortened longevity: exploring the hypothesis. Periodontol 2000. 2016 Oct;72(1):142-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/prd.12128. PMid:27501497.

Ju SY, Lee JY, Kim DH. Association of metabolic syndrome and its components with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the elderly: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Medicine. 2017 Nov;96(45):e8491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000008491. PMid:29137039.

Carramolino-Cuéllar E, Tomás I, Jiménez-Soriano Y. Relationship between the oral cavity and cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2014 May;19(3):e289-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4317/medoral.19563. PMid:24121926.

Lu J, Wang L, Li M, Xu Y, Jiang Y, Wang W, et al. Metabolic syndrome among adults in China: the 2010 China noncommunicable disease surveillance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Feb;102(2):507-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-2477. PMid:27898293.

Lee S, Ko Y, Kwak C, Yim ES. Gender differences in metabolic syndrome components among the Korean 66-year-old population with metabolic syndrome. BMC Geriatr. 2016 Jan;16(1):27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12877-016-0202-9. PMid:26803469.

Moore JX, Chaudhary N, Akinyemiju T. Metabolic syndrome prevalence by race/ethnicity and sex in the united states, national health and nutrition examination survey, 1988–2012. Prev Chronic Dis. 2017 Mar;14:1-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd14.160287. PMid:28301314.

Haag DG, Peres KG, Brennan DS. Tooth loss and general quality of life in dentate adults from Southern Brazil. Qual Life Res. 2017 Oct;26(10):2647-57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11136-017-1587-4. PMid:28484913.

Lamster IB, Pagan M. Periodontal disease and the metabolic syndrome. Int Dent J. 2017 Apr;67(2):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/idj.12264. PMid:27861820.

Nascimento GG, Leite FRM, Peres KG, Demarco FF, Corrêa MB, Peres MA. Metabolic syndrome and periodontitis: a structural equation modeling approach. J Periodontol. 2019 Jun;90(6):655-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/JPER.18-0483. PMid:30447085.

Awasthi A, Rao CR, Hegde DS, Rao NK. Association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and anthropometric measurements – a case control study in South India. J Prev Med Hyg. 2017 Mar;58(1):E56-62. PMid:28515633.
 

5d7fc8de0e88250759bbebff rou Articles
Links & Downloads
1807-2577 (Electronic)
Rev. odontol. UNESP ©2024 All rights reserved.

Rev. odontol. UNESP

Share this page
Page Sections