Salivary flow and levels of anxiety and depression in patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome: case control study
Fluxo salivar e os níveis de ansiedade e depressão em pacientes com a Síndrome da Ardência Bucal: estudo de caso-controle
Ostroski, Mauriane Monteiro; Moura, Sérgio Adriane Bezerra de; Sarmento, Viviane de Almeida; Lima, Antonio Adilson Soares de
Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.41, n2, p.118-124, 2012
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate anxiety and depression levels and measure stimulated whole saliva flow rate in individuals with burning mouth syndrome. Method: The population analyzed consisted in 30 individuals with the syndrome (case group) and 30 healthy subjects (control group). Both groups were assessed by physical examination, stimulated flow rate analysis and answered the questionnaire HADS. Result: In the case group, 93% were women with a mean age of 61.3 years. Oral burning sensation was more frequent at the tongue. In those patients with burning mouth syndrome, 86% had suffered from anxiety and 73% depression; while in the control group: 46.7% of subjects had some level of anxiety and 23.3% depression. There were statistical differences between groups according to the anxiety and depression levels by Qui-square and Fischer tests (p ≤ 0.01). Sialometry showed rates to the stimulated whole saliva flow rate case and control groups of 1.02 and 1.06 mL/min, respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression may represent a predisposing factor of the BMS, though the decreased saliva flow rate is not a constant condition in this syndrome.
Keywords
Burning Mouth Syndrome, glossalgia, saliva, anxiety, depression.
Resumo
Objetivo: Avaliar os níveis de ansiedade e depressão, e medir a velocidade do fluxo salivar estimulado em indivíduos portadores da Síndrome da Ardência Bucal (SAB). Método: Um total de 60 indivíduos fez parte deste trabalho, dos quais 30 eram portadores da Síndrome da Ardência Bucal (grupo-caso) e 30 eram indivíduos saudáveis (grupo‑controle). Os indivíduos foram submetidos a um exame físico e à coleta de saliva total estimulada para análise da velocidade do fluxo salivar, além de responderem ao questionário Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Resultado: No grupo-caso, 93% eram mulheres com média de idade de 61,3 anos. A língua mostrou-se a região bucal mais acometida pela sensação de queimação. Nos indivíduos com a Síndrome da Ardência Bucal, 86% dos pacientes sofriam de ansiedade e 73% de depressão; enquanto no grupo-controle, 46,7% dos indivíduos apresentaram algum nível de ansiedade e 23,3%, de depressão. Os testes do Qui-Quadrado e exato de Fischer revelaram haver diferença significativa entre os grupos em função dos níveis de ansiedade e depressão (p ≤ 0,01). A sialometria revelou que as médias da velocidade do fluxo salivar total estimulada para os grupos-caso e controle foram de 1,02 e 1,06 mL/min, respectivamente (p > 0,05). Conclusão: A presença de alterações psicológicas – tais como a ansiedade e a depressão – pode representar um fator desencadeante da Síndrome da Ardência Bucal; porém, a velocidade do fluxo salivar não parece estar relacionada com essa síndrome.
Palavras-chave
Síndrome da Ardência Bucal, glossalgia, saliva, ansiedade, depressão.
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