Effect of aPDT in the osseointegration of implants in contaminated dental sockets
Efeito da aPDT na osseointegração de implantes em alvéolos contaminados
Theodoro, Leticia Helena; Almeida, Juliano Milanezi de; Gualberto Junior, Erivan Clementino; Fernandes, Leandro Araujo; Silveira, Luis Geraldo da; Longo, Mariéllen; Marcantonio Junior, Elcio; Garcia, Valdir Gouveia
Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.41, n1, p.1-8, 2012
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate by histometric and immunohistochemistry analysis the effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in alveolar prior to placement of mini-implants in animals with or without induced periodontal disease. Material and method: Thirty-two rats were used. Periodontal disease (PD) was induced by ligature in the lower left first molar. After 7 days of PD evolution, it was performed removal of the ligature and extraction of the left lower first molars in all animals. Thus, animals were divided into 2 groups (n=16) according to the treatments in the dental alveolus before immediate implant installation: MD (control) : mechanical debridement (MD), irrigation with 1 ml of saline solution followed by implant installation; aPDT- MD, irrigation with 1 ml of Toluidine Blue-O and low intensity laser (LLLT) and implant installation. Eight animals from each group were euthanized at 15 and 30 days after the installation of mini-implants. Specimens were processed for histologic, immunohistochemical and histometric analysis. The histometric data were processed for statistical analysis (Kruskall-Wallis and Dunn test; p <0.05). Result: In treatment analysis, results indicated that there was a greater BIC in implants installed in uncontaminated alveolus treated with a PDT ( p<0,05) and greater imuno-reactivity to OPG in bone issue treated with aPDT. Conclusion: The aPDT proved to be effective in bone loss control in no contaminated area and it has increased the bone loss and metabolic activity in alveolus irradiated prior to implant installation.
Keywords
Dental implantation, lasers, periodontitis, photochemotherapy, rats
Resumo
Objetivo: Avaliar através de análise histométrica e imunoistoquímica os efeitos da terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana (aPDT) no tratamento alveolar prévio à colocação de implantes, em alvéolos de dentes de ratos portadores ou não de doença periodontal induzida. Material e método: Trinta e dois ratos foram utilizados no estudo. A doença periodontal foi induzida nos primeiros molares inferiores esquerdos. Decorridos 7 dias, foi realizada a remoção da ligadura e a exodontia dos primeiros molares inferiores direitos e esquerdos. A seguir os animais foram divididos em dois grupos de 16 animais de acordo com os tratamentos realizados nos alvéolos dentais antes da instalação do implante imediato: DM- debridamento mecânico (DM), irrigação com 1 ml de soro fisiológico seguido de instalação do implante; aPDT – DM, irrigação com 1 ml de azul de toluidina O (TBO) e, após 1 minuto, irradiação com laser em baixa intensidade (LLLT). Oito animais de cada grupo foram eutanasiados aos 15 e 30 dias. Os espécimes foram processados laboratorialmente para análises histométrica do contato osso implante (BIC) e imunoistoquímica. Os dados histométricos foram estatisticamente analisados (Teste Kruskall-Wallis e Dunn p<0.05). Resultado: Na análise dos tratamentos os resultados demonstraram que houve maior BIC nos implante instalados em alvéolos não contaminados tratados com aPDT ( p<0,05) e maior imunorreatividade a OPG no tecido ósseo tratado com aPDT. Conclusão: A aPDT mostrou-se efetiva no controle da perda óssea em áreas não contaminadas e aumentou a atividade metabólica e a atividade das células ósseas nos alvéolos irradiados previamente a instalação dos implantes.
Palavras-chave
Implante dentário, lasers, periodontite, fotoquimioterapia, ratos
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