Presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in association with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia in periodontal patients
Presença de Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans em associação a Porphyromonas gingivalis e Prevotella intermedia em pacientes periodontais
Araslan, Suzane; Alencar, Camila Oliveira de; Cortelli, José Roberto; Cortelli, Sheila Cavalca; Aquino, Davi Romeiro
Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.40, n6, p.304-309, 2011
Abstract
Introduction: Knowledge of bacterial interrelationships and its association with clinical periodontal condition may help the therapeutic management. Objective: To evaluate the distribution of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in relation to 2 bacterial species members of Red and Orange Complexes; also to exam the relationship between the combined presence of A.actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia with clinical pattern of disease. Material and method: 50 (mean age 38.38 ± 10.15) subjects both gender were enrolled in the study, with chronic (n = 25) or aggressive (n = 25) periodontitis. For each subject subgingival samples were collected from 4 teeth in different quadrants showing probing depth (PD) 6 mm and clinical attachment level (CAL) 4 mm. The parameters evaluated were: clinical - PD, CAL, Plaque Index (PI-0/1) and Gingival Index (GI-0/1); microbiological – detection of A.actinomycetemcomitans (highly and minimally leukotoxic strains), P.gingivalis and P.intermedia by polymerase chain reaction. Data were statistically analyzed using Student t and Chi-square tests (p < 0.05). Result: 90% of the subjects harbored P. gingivalis, 82% P.intermedia and 28% A.actinomycetemcomitans. A.actinomycetemcomitans was most frequent in young or aggressive periodontitis subjects. Only GI showed higher mean frequency (p = 0.019) in the combined presence of highly leukotoxic A.actinomycetemcomitans strains, P. gingivalis and P.intermedia. Conclusion: Subjects with aggressive periodontitis exhibited higher frequency of A.actinomycetemcomitans. The presence of P. gingivalis and/or P.intermedia did not improve the pathogenicity of highly leukotoxic A.actinomycetemcomitans strains due to the fact that this combination was only followed by increased inflammation
Keywords
Prevalence, bacteria, periodontitis
Resumo
Introdução: O conhecimento das inter-relações bacterianas e sua associação com a condição clínica periodontal podem auxiliar o manejo terapêutico. Objetivos: Avaliar a distribuição de Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans em relação a duas espécies bacterianas membros dos complexos Vermelho e Laranja, e analisar a relação entre a combinação de cepas leucotóxicas de A.actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis e Prevotella intermedia com a manifestação clínica da doença. Material e método: Incluíram-se 50 indivíduos (38,38 ± 10,15 anos), de ambos os gêneros, com periodontite crônica (n = 25) ou agressiva (n = 25). De cada indivíduo, amostras subgengivais foram coletadas de quatro dentes em quadrantes diferentes, com profundidade de sondagem (PS) 6 mm e nível clínico de inserção (NCI) 4 mm. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: clínicos – PS, NCI, Índice de Placa (IP-0/1) e Índice Gengival (IG-0/1) – e microbiológicos, com detecção de A.actinomycetemcomitans (cepas de máxima e mínima leucotoxicidades), P.gingivalis e P.intermedia por reação em cadeia da polimerase. Os dados foram estatisticamente analisados usando-se testes t-Student e Qui-quadrado (p < 0,05). Resultado: Apresentaram P.gingivalis 90% dos indivíduos, P.intermedia, 82%, e A.actinomycetemcomitans, 28%. A.actinomycetemcomitans foi mais frequente em indivíduos jovens ou com periodontite agressiva. Apenas IG apresentou maiores frequências médias (p = 0,019) quando da presença simultânea de cepas A.actinomycetemcomitans de máxima leucotoxicidade, P.gingivalis e P.intermedia. Conclusão: Indivíduos com periodontite agressiva exibiram maiores frequências de A.actinomycetemcomitans. A presença de P.gingivalis e/ou P.intermedia não potencializou a patogenicidade das cepas de A. actinomycetemcomitans de máxima leucotoxicidade, pois tal combinação foi somente acompanhada de maior inflamação.
Palavras-chave
Prevalência, bactérias, periodontite
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