Perda dentária e controle glicêmico de idosos diabéticos do tipo 2
Barroso Júnior, Jorge Brandão; Costa, Katia Linhares Lima; Taboza, Zuila Albuquerque; Dias, Clarisse Costa; Furlaneto, Flavia Aparecida Chaves; Lima, Vilma de; Rêgo, Rodrigo Otávio
Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.40, n5, p.241-247, 2011
Resumo
Introdução: A diabetes é um dos principais fatores de risco relacionados à progressão da periodontite. Por outro lado, o tratamento periodontal ou a remoção de dentes comprometidos pode melhorar o controle glicêmico de diabéticos. Objetivo: Comparar, por meio de dados de prontuários, os níveis de glicemia de jejum (GJ) de idosos diabéticos do tipo 2 desdentados totais e dentados e, especificamente nestes, avaliar o efeito da doença periodontal sobre o seu controle glicêmico. Material e método: Idosos diabéticos tipo 2 totalmente desdentados (DESD – n = 124), assim como dentados (DENT – n = 65), foram selecionados segundo as seguintes características: idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, não fumantes e utilização de algum hipoglicemiante. Resultado: Observou-se diferença (p < 0,05) para média de GJ entre os grupos DESD (144,9 ± 66,9 mg.dL–1) e DENT (120,4 ± 38,0 mg.dL–1). Quando o grupo DENT foi subdividido dentre os que apresentavam periodontite (DENT-P; GJ=126,7 ± 44,6 mg.dL–1) ou não (DENT-A; GJ= 117,4 ± 34,2 mg.dL–1), foi observada diferença apenas entre os grupos DESD e DENT-A. Também foi observado que o grupo DESD apresentou maior risco para apresentar hiperglicemia do que o grupo DENT. Para o corte de GJ ≥ 126 mg.dL–1, foi observado Odds ratio - OR = 2,01 (IC 95% = 1,08 - 3,73). Para o corte de GJ ≥ 170 mg.dL–1, OR = 2,47 (IC 95% = 1,07 - 5,76). Conclusão: Idosos desdentados diabéticos do tipo 2 possuem um risco maior para apresentar hiperglicemia do que indivíduos dentados. Entretanto, nestes, a presença de doença periodontal parece influenciar o seu controle glicêmico.
Palavras-chave
Doença periodontal, Diabetes tipo2, edentulismo
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