Influência de alguns fatores oclusais na prevalência das disfunções temporomandibulares
Influence of some occlusal factors in the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders
Marinho, Caroline Cotes; Cruz, Fernando Luiz Goulart; Leite, Fabíola Pereira Pessoa
Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.38, n5, p.280-285, 2009
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar: a) a correlação entre fatores oclusais – como trespasse vertical e horizontal, presença de contato oclusal no lado de balanceio e discrepância de relação cêntrica para máxima intercuspidação habitual – com o diagnóstico de disfunção temporomandibular (DTM); b) a diferença entre o grupo teste e o grupo controle para a variável gênero, e c) a média de idade para o grupo de pacientes com DTM. A amostra foi constituída por 103 pacientes voluntários, sem distinção de raça e gênero, com idade entre 19 e 54 anos. Os pacientes selecionados foram divididos em grupo controle (n = 52) e grupo teste (n = 51) com diagnóstico de DTM. Os critérios de inclusão foram relacionados ao diagnóstico de disfunção temporomandibular, baseado no eixo I do protocolo RDC/TMD. O exame clínico e as mensurações foram realizados por dois examinadores previamente calibrados (Cohen kappa = 0.85). Para comparar a diferença entre as variáveis, do grupo teste e do grupo controle, utilizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado (p-valor < 0,05). Os parâmetros de trespasse vertical (p-valor = 0,054), trespasse horizontal (p-valor = 0,811), contato oclusal no lado de balanceio (p-valor = 0,271) e discrepância entre relação cêntrica e máxima intercuspidação habitual (p-valor = 0,146) foram negativamente associadas à disfunção temporomandibular. A média de idade no grupo teste foi de 25,88 anos e a diferença do número de mulheres entre os grupos estudados foi estatisticamente significativa. Concluiu-se que os fatores oclusais avaliados neste estudo não apresentaram associação com a disfunção temporomandibular.
Palavras-chave
Temporomandibular joint disorders, dental occlusion, malocclusion
Abstract
The purpose of this study was evaluate: the correlation between occlusal factors like increased overbite and overjet, presence of non-working side contacts and discrepancy of retruded contact position to intercuspal position occlusal slides with clinic manifestation of temporomandibular disorders. The sample was formed of 103 voluntary patients, without distinction of race or gender, with age between 19 and 54 years. The select patients was divided in control (n = 52) and test (n = 51) groups. The inclusion criteria was related to the temporomandibular disorders diagnostic, based on the Protocol RDC/TMD, axis I. The clinical exams and mensurations was performed by two calibrated examiners (Cohen kappa = 0.85). The Chi-square test (p-value < 0.05) was used to compare the difference between the variables of the test and control groups. The variables: overbite (p-value = 0.054), overjet (p-valor = 0.811), presence of non-working side contacts (p-valor = 0.271) and discrepancy of retruded contact position to intercuspal position occlusal slides (p-valor = 0.146) had no association with temporomandibular disorder. The mean age for the test group was 25.88 years and the difference between the women’s amount was significant statistically. It was conclude that the occlusal factors have no association with temporomandibular disorders.
Keywords
Temporomandibular joint disorders, dental occlusion, malocclusion
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