Acupuntura como tratamento complementar nas disfunções temporomandibulares: revisão da literatura
Acupuncture as a complementary treatment option to temporomandibular dysfunction: review of the literature
Branco, C.A.; Fonseca, R.B.; Oliveira, T.R.C.; Gomes, V.L.; Fernandes Neto, A.J.
Abstract
A dor caracteriza-se como um estímulo orgânico de resposta do organismo a alterações que prejudiquem seu pleno funcionamento. Entretanto, dependendo da intensidade e da duração, pode dificultar o estabelecimento de tratamentos que visem eliminar seu fator etiológico. Por isso, seu controle passa a ser encarado como fundamental no plano de tratamento genérico. As dores crônicas são mais difíceis de serem controladas e freqüentemente são encontradas nas regiões de cabeça e pescoço. Além dos métodos convencionais de controle da dor, a acupuntura surge na odontologia como método alternativo eficiente e com bons resultados em diversas alterações do aparelho estomatognático, como nas disfunções temporomandibulares. Este artigo tem por objetivo revisar a literatura, avaliando os resultados obtidos nas pesquisas que relacionam a acupuntura com o tratamento de dores orofaciais crônicas, especificamente as DTMs, e analisando sua eficiência e limitações em relação às terapias convencionais. A revisão da literatura foi baseada em pesquisa na base de dados PubMed, relativa ao período de 1973 a 2004, utilizando as palavras-chave "acupuncture and temporomandibular dysfunction" e selecionando, entre os artigos encontrados, aqueles que correlacionavam a aplicação da acupuntura na Odontologia, especialmente nas disfunções temporomandibulares. Também foram empregados livros contendo conceitos básicos de dor, fisiologia humana e acupuntura, além de artigos abrangendo princípios de oclusão. Diante do tema abordado neste artigo é possível concluir que a acupuntura tem se mostrado tão eficiente no controle de dores faciais quanto as terapias convencionais, principalmente em se tratando de dores de origem muscular.
Keywords
Resumo
Pain is believed to be an organic stimuli answer from the body to alterations that may prejudice its normal function. However, depending on its intensity and period of action, it can damage the elimination of the etiological factors by the establishment of treatment therapies. On this way, the control of this pain seems to be faced as fundamental on a generic treatment plan. Chronic pain is the most difficult one to deal with and it is frequently found on head and neck regions. Besides conventional treatment modalities to control pain, acupuncture started to be used in dentistry as an efficient alternative method with good results when dealing with several types of stomatognathic system alterations, as in temporomandibular dysfunction. The aim of this study was to review the literature in order to evaluate the results of several researchers that used acupuncture on the treatment of chronic facial pain, and to compare its efficiency and limitations with conventional therapies. A PubMed database search was conducted using the keywords “acupuncture and temporomandibular dysfunction” limited to the period between 1973 and 2004. Articles that described the use of acupuncture in dentistry, especially to the treatment of Temporomandibular Dysfunction, were selected. Textbooks concerning the subjects: pain, human physiology and acupuncture were also included, in addition to articles related to occlusion. According to the principles discussed on this article it is possible to conclude that acupuncture is as efficient as conventional therapies on the control of orofacial pain, principally when the pain is of muscle origin.
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References
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