Estudo Cinesiográfico da Movimentação da Prótese Total Superior Resultante da Guia de Desoclusão
Kinesiographic study of complete denture movement related to disocclusion guidance
Compagnoni, M.A.; Souza, R.F.; Lima, A.C.O.; Barbosa, D.B.
Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.33, n4, p.183-188, 2004
Resumo
Não existe consenso quanto às relações oclusais excêntricas para próteses totais, pois os benefícios da oclusão balanceada permanecem desconhecidos. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a influência da desoclusão pelo canino sobre os movimentos da prótese total maxilar durante a mastigação. A amostra foi formada por 15 portadores de próteses totais bimaxilares (10 mulheres, 5 homens) e analisada durante a mastigação de alimento-teste (pedaço de pão tipo forma) por 20 segundos. A movimentação das próteses foi mensurada por um cinesiógrafo mandibular (K6-I Diagnostic System, Myotronics Research Inc, Seattle, WA) capaz de detectar movimentos de um magneto aderido à prótese. Realizou-se o procedimento inicialmente com oclusão balanceada bilateral (A), imediatamente após conferir desoclusão pelo canino (B) e com 15 dias de desoclusão pelo canino (C). Os resultados foram comparados por meio do teste de Friedman (α = 0,05). Os valores médios (em mm; ± desvio padrão) foram: A: 0,60 ± 0,39 (eixo vertical), 0,57 ± 0,34 (eixo ântero-posterior) e 0,24 ± 0,41 (eixo lateral); B: 0,63 ± 0,44 (eixo vertical), 0,69 ± 0,54 (eixo antero-posterior) e 0,01 ± 0,34 (eixo lateral); C: 0,61 ± 0,45 (eixo vertical), 0,58 ± 0,49 (eixo antero-posterior) e 0,04 ± 0,39 (eixo lateral). A análise dos eixos vertical e ântero-posterior não demonstrou diferenças significantes (P < 0,89 e P < 0,19, respectivamente). Houve diferença somente para o eixo lateral (P < 0,02), e apenas A e C foram diferentes. Este estudo sugere que a oclusão excursiva influencia o movimento da prótese total maxilar durante a mastigação. O efeito da desoclusão pelo canino foi uma redução no movimento da prótese após 15 dias.
Palavras-chave
Prótese total, oclusão dentária balanceada, mastigação
Abstract
There is no agreement regarding eccentric occlusal relationship for complete denture treatment, since the benefit of balanced occlusion remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of canine guidance over the maxillary complete denture movements during chewing. The sample consisted of 15 complete denture wearers, 10 women and 5 men. Denture movements were assessed during chewing of a test food (a piece of sandwich loaf) for 20 seconds and were measured with a mandibular kinesiograph (K6-I Diagnostic System, Myotronics Research Inc, Seattle, WA, USA) that tracked the movements of a magnet attached to the denture. This procedure was repeated before occlusal changes / bilateral balanced occlusion (A), immediately after insertion of canine guidance (B) and 15 days after canine guidance insertion (C). The results were statistically compared with the Friedman test (a = 0.05). Mean results (mm; ± SD) were: A: 0.60 ± 0.39 (upward), 0.57 ± 0.34 (forward) e 0.24 ± 0.41 (right); B: 0.63 ± 0.44 (upward), 0.69 ± 0.54 (forward) e 0.01 ± 0.34 (right); C: 0.61 ± 0.45 (upward), 0.58 ± 0.49 (forward) e 0.04 ± 0.39 (left). Statistical analysis comparing the stages failed to show significant differences for vertical and anteroposterior axes (P < 0.89 e P < 0.19, respectively). Differences were found only for the lateral axis (P = 0.02). However, only ‘A’ and ‘C’ were different. This study suggests that maxillary complete denture movements during chewing is related to the disocclusion guidance. The effect of canine guidance was a reduced denture movement after 15 days.
Keywords
Complete denture, balanced dental occlusion, mastication
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