Avaliação dos efeitos da ropivacaína sobre a reatividade vascular em artéria mesentérica de rato
Assessment of the effects of ropivacaine on vascular reactivity in rat mesenteric artery
Oliveira, Allan Carlos A. de; Britto, Ana Caroline Siqueira; Souza, Liane Maciel de Almeida; Santos, Marcio Roberto V. dos; Cunha, Patricia dos Santos; Groppo, Francisco Carlos
Resumo
Introdução: A ropivacaína (ROPI) é um anestésico local de longa duração de ação, introduzido mais recentemente em Medicina, mas ainda não disponível para uso odontológico em tubetes. Estudos clínicos e com animais confirmam que a ROPI é um anestésico local eficaz e que possui um efeito vasoconstritor intrínseco. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da ROPI sobre a reatividade vascular em artéria mesentérica isolada de rato, além de comparar esse efeito ao da lidocaína (LIDO) e avaliar o possível envolvimento do endotélio vascular na resposta induzida pela ROPI em anel de artéria mesentérica isolada de rato. Material e método: Foram utilizados 14 ratos Wistar machos (250-300g). Os animais foram eutanasiados e, através de uma incisão no abdome do animal, foi retirada a artéria mesentérica. Desta artéria, foram obtidos anéis (1-2 mm), que foram mantidos em cubas contendo 10 mL de solução nutritiva de Tyrode mantida a 37 °C e gaseificada com carbogênio. Para o registro das contrações isométricas, cada anel foi suspenso, por linhas de algodão, a um transdutor de força conectado a um sistema de aquisição. Resultado: Tanto a LIDO como a ROPI não apresentaram efeito vasoconstritor sobre o tônus basal de anéis com endotélio funcional. Porém, quando os anéis foram pré-contraídos com fenilefrina, ambas as drogas foram capazes de induzir vasorrelaxamentos dependentes da concentração (Emáx = 31,7 ± 3,3%; n = 6, para a LIDO; Emáx = 69 ± 8%; n = 6, para a ROPI), que não foram alterados após a remoção do endotélio (Emáx = 28,7 ± 1,3%; n = 7, para a LIDO; Emáx = 58,8 ± 5,9%; n = 6, para a ROPI). Em anéis sem endotélio funcional, porém, pré-contraídos com solução despolarizante de Tyrode (KCl a 80 mM), o efeito vasorrelaxante induzido pela LIDO não apresentou alterações significativas (Emáx = 29 ± 3%; n = 7). Porém, o efeito da ROPI foi reduzido significativamente neste protocolo, bem como na presença de 1 mM de tetraetilamônio (TEA) (Emáx = 21,2 ± 5,1%; n = 7 e Emáx = 17,4 ± 3,7; n = 4, respectivamente). Conclusão: A ROPI produz efeito vasorrelaxante em artéria mesentérica superior isolada de rato pré-contraída com fenilefrina, sendo este independente da participação do endotélio. Este efeito parece envolver os canais para K+ na célula muscular lisa vascular.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Introduction: Ropivacaine (ROPI) is a local anesthetic of long duration of action, more recently introduced in medicine, however is not available for dental use in tubes yet. Clinical and animal studies have confirmed that bupivacaine is an effective anesthetic that also has an intrinsic vasoconstrictor effect. Objective: To evaluate the effects of ropivacaine on vascular reactivity in isolated rat mesenteric artery, compare this to the effect of lidocaine (LIDO) and evaluate the possible involvement of the vascular endothelium induced by ROPI in isolated rat mesenteric artery ring response. Material and method: It was used 12 male Wistar rats (250-300g). The animals were euthanized and through an incision in the abdomen of the animal, the mesenteric artery was removed. Artery rings (1-2 mm) were obtained by the mesenteric artery, which were kept in vats containing 10 ml of Tyrode’s nutrient solution kept at 37 °C and gassed with carbogen. For the recording of isometric contractions, each ring was suspended by cotton lines to a force transducer connected to a data acquisition system. Result: Both the LIDO as ROPI showed no vasoconstrictor effect on the basal tone of rings with functional endothelium. However, when the rings were precontracted with phenylephrine, both drugs were able to induce concentration-dependent vasorelaxation (Emax = 31.7 ± 3.3%, n = 6 for LIDO and 69 ± 8%, n = 6 for ROPI) that were not altered after removal of the endothelium (Emax = 28.7 ± 1.3%, n = 7 for LIDO and Emax = 58.8 ± 5.9%, n = 6 for ROPI). In rings without functional endothelium and precontracted with depolarizing Tyrode solution (80 mM KCl), the LIDO-induced vasorelaxation was no significantly changed (Emax = 29 ± 3%, n = 7). However, ROPI-induced vasorelaxation was reduced in this protocol and the presence of 1 mM tetraethylammonium (TEA) (Emax = 21.2 ± 5.1%, n = 7 and Emax = 17.4 ± 3.7, n = 4, respectively). Conclusion: ROPI produces vasorelaxant effect in rat superior mesenteric artery, which is independent of the participation of the endothelium. This effect seems to involve K+ channels in vascular smooth muscle cell.
Keywords
References
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