Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/1807-2577.10617
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
Original Article

Prevalence evaluation and classification of bifid mandibular canals in CBCT exams in different facial types

Avaliação da prevalência e classificação dos canais mandibulares bífidos em exames de TCFC nos diferentes tipos faciais

George Borja de FREITAS; Alessandra de FREITAS e SILVA; Luiz Roberto Coutinho MANHÃES JÚNIOR; José Luiz Cintra JUNQUEIRA

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Abstract

Abstract: Objetive: The aim of this study is to establish the prevalence and classification of mandibular canal alterations using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in different facial types. This research was submitted and approved by the research ethics committee, registration number 2.065.839.

Material and method: The sample consisted of 90 CBCTs from the São Leopoldo Mandic Dental School database (Campinas-SP), divided into three groups according to brachycephalic, dolichocephalic and mesocephalic facial types.

Result: Of the 90 patients, 23 presented bifid mandible canals (25.6%), of which 60.9% were in males and 39.1% in females. In 39.1%, the canal bifurcation occurred towards the retromolar region (class D), 21.7% had a trajectory to an alveolar or upper direction (class C) and 13.1% were classified as C-E. For the remaining classifications (A, E, F and A-E), the frequencies were in the range of 8.7% to 4.3%. None of the 23 cases of mandibular canal bifurcation was classified as B (mesial direction).

Conclusion: According to the results obtained from this study, the prevalence of bifid mandibular canals was found to be 25.6%, with class D being the most prevalent for the retromolar region and the highest occurrence was unilaterally on the left side. When evaluating the occurrence of bifid mandibular canals in relation to facial types, brachycephalic patients were the most affected.

Keywords

Surgery, anatomy, mandible

Resumo

Resumo: Objetivo: O presente trabalho objetiva verificar a prevalência e classificação das alterações do canal da mandíbula por meio de exames de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico nos diferentes tipos faciais. O trabalho foi submetido e aprovado ao comitê de ética e pesquisa através do parecer n˚ 2.065.839.

Material e método: A amostra foi composta por 90 tomografias, divididas em três grupos de acordo com os tipos faciais, braquicefálico, dólicocefálico e mesocefálico. Todas as imagens foram obtidas no banco de dados da Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas-SP.

Resultado: Dos 90 pacientes pesquisados, 23 apresentaram os canais da mandíbula bífidos, ou seja, 25,6% da amostra total. Desses, 60,9% pertenciam ao sexo masculino e 39,1% ao sexo feminino. Em 39,1% o direcionamento era para região retromolar (classe D), enquanto em 21,7%, a trajetória era no sentido alveolar ou superior (classe C). Com menor proporção, 13,1% foi constatada a classificação C-E. Para as demais classificações encontradas (A, E, F e A-E), as frequências foram na faixa de 8,7% a 4,3%. Em nenhum dos 23 casos de bifurcação do canal da mandíbula foi encontrada classificação (B), ou seja, em direção mesial.

Conclusão: De acordo com os resultados obtidos nesse estudo, encontrou-se uma prevalência de 25,6% de canais da mandíbula bífidos, o tipo de canal bífido mais prevalente foi classe D para região retromolar e a maior ocorrência dos canais mandibulares bífidos foi unilateral esquerda. Quando avaliada a ocorrência dos canais da mandíbula bífidos em relação aos tipos faciais, os pacientes braquifaciais foram os mais acometidos.
 

Palavras-chave

Cirurgia, anatomia, mandíbula

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