Autoestima e cárie dentária em adolescentes: um estudo seccional
Self-esteem and dental caries in adolescents: a cross sectional study
Lunardelli, Sandra Espíndola; Traebert, Eliane; Lunardelli, Abelardo Nunes; Martins, Luiz Gustavo Teixeira; Traebert, Jefferson
Resumo
Introdução: A cárie dentária na adolescência continua sendo um importante problema de saúde pública; entretanto, a sua relação com os fatores psicológicos é pouco estudada. Objetivo: Estudar a possível associação entre aspectos de autoestima e cárie dentária em adolescentes. Material e método: Estudo transversal envolvendo amostra de 409 adolescentes de 13 municípios do sul do Brasil. A cárie foi avaliada segundo critérios da Organização Mundial da Saúde e a autoestima, pela Escala de Rosenberg. O teste do qui-quadrado foi utilizado para determinar a significância estatística das associações. Para ajustar para variáveis de confusão, foi utilizada a regressão loglinear de Poisson com estimativa robusta. Resultado: Foram observadas associações positivas entre presença de dentes cariados e alguns aspectos da escala de autoestima: “Às vezes, eu acho que não presto para nada” (p <0,001); “Eu gostaria de poder ter mais respeito comigo mesmo” (p=0,016), e “Eu, com certeza, me sinto inútil, às vezes” (p=0,022). Associação negativa foi observada com: “No conjunto, eu estou satisfeito comigo” (p=0,022). Na análise ajustada, os adolescentes com dentes cariados apresentaram maior prevalência de respostas positivas para a questão “Às vezes, eu acho que não presto para nada” [RP= 1,23 (IC 95% 1,05; 1,44)] e maior prevalência de respostas negativas para a questão “No conjunto, eu estou satisfeito comigo” [RP= 1,12 (IC 95% 1,02; 1,24)]. Conclusão: Aspectos da autoestima foram, independente e significativamente, associados com a presença de dentes cariados.
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Introduction: Dental caries in adolescents remains an important public health problem, but its relationship with psychological factors are poorly studied. Objective: To study the possible association between aspects of self-esteem and dental caries in adolescents. Material and method: A cross-sectional study involving a sample of 409 adolescents from 13 Southern Brazilian municipalities was carried out. Dental caries status was assessed through the World Health Organization criteria. For questions related to self-esteem the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was used. The outcomes were each question of the scale. The chi-square test was used to determine statistical significance of associations. To adjust for confounding variables, the Poisson loglinear with robust estimator was used. Result: Positive associations were observed for the presence of decayed teeth and “At times, I think I am no good at all” (p<0.001), “I wish I could have more respect for myself ” (p= 0.016), “I certainly feel useless at times” (p= 0.022) and negative association with “On the whole, I am satisfied with myself ” (p= 0.022). In the adjusted analysis, adolescents with decayed teeth had a higher prevalence of positive responses to “At times, I think I am no good at all” [(PR= 1.23 (CI 95% 1.05; 1.44)], and negative responses for “On the whole, I am satisfied with myself ” [(PR= 1.12 (CI 95% 1.02; 1.24)]. Conclusion: Aspects of self-esteem were significantly and independently associated with the presence of decayed teeth.
Keywords
References
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