Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/1807-2577.08018
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
Original Article

Genotypic diversity of Streptococcus mutans isolated from preschoolers with and without early dental care

Diversidade genotípica de Streptococcus mutans isolados de pré-escolares com e sem atendimento odontológico precoce

Ana Lídia Soares COTA; Janaína Accordi JUNKES; Regina Célia POLI-FREDERICO

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Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) exhibits extensive genotypic diversity, but the role of this variation is poorly understood.

Objective: To evaluate the genotypic diversity of S. mutans in preschoolers with and without early dental care and to associate it with dental caries experience.

Material and method: Twenty children, aged five year old, with history of dental care since they were one year old (G1) and 20 children without history of dental care (G2) were included. Their oral health status was assessed by the dmft index. S. mutans samples were isolated from the saliva and analysed by polymerase chain reaction. A total of 339 S. mutans isolates (173 from G1 and 166 from G2) were genotyped by random amplified polymorphic DNA with arbitrary primers OPA-02 and OPA-13.

Result: The results revealed 75 distinct genotypes of S. mutans in G1 and 73 in G2. Furthermore, G1 and G2 subjects harboured one to eight and one to seven distinct genotypes of S. mutans, respectively. A statistically significant association (P=0.021) and a moderate correlation (r= 0.503) were observed between dental caries experience and genotypic diversity of S. mutans in G1.

Conclusion: From the limitations of the study design, we just can hypothesize that actions of early dental care carried out by an educative-preventive program can contribute to a distinct oral microbiota.

Keywords

Genotypic diversity, Streptococcus mutans, dental care, dental caries

Resumo

Resumo: Introdução: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) apresentam ampla diversidade genotípica, mas o papel desta variação ainda é pouco compreendido.

Objetivo: Avaliar a diversidade genotípica de S. mutans em pré-escolares com e sem assistência odontológica precoce e associá-la à experiência de cárie dentária.

Material e método: Participaram da pesquisa 20 crianças, de cinco anos de idade, com história de assistência odontológica desde o primeiro ano de vida (G1) e 20 crianças sem história de assistência odontológica precoce (G2). A experiência de cárie dentária foi avaliada por meio do índice ceo-d. Amostras de S. mutans foram isoladas a partir da saliva dos participantes e analisadas pela Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase para identificação molecular da espécie. Um total de 339 isolados bacterianos (173 do G1 e 166 do G2) foram genotipados através da Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA Polimórfico, utilizando-se os primers OPA-02 e OPA-13.

Resultado: Os resultados revelaram 75 diferentes genótipos de S. mutans no G1 e 73 no G2. Além disso, as crianças do G1 e G2 abrigaram em sua cavidade bucal de um a oito e de um a sete genótipos distintos de S. mutans, respectivamente. Foram observadas uma associação estatisticamente significante (P=0.021) e uma moderada correlação (r=0,503) entre a diversidade genotípica de S. mutans e a experiência de cárie somente no G1.

Conclusão: A partir das limitações do desenho do estudo, os resultados apenas sugerem que as ações realizadas por meio de um atendimento odontológico precoce podem estar contribuindo para o estabelecimento de uma microbiota bucal distinta.
 

Palavras-chave

Diversidade genotípica, Streptococcus mutans, assistência odontológica, cárie dentária

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