Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/1807-2577.04218
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
Original Article

Influence of crown and hybrid abutment ceramic materials on the stress distribution of implant-supported prosthesis

Influência do material cerâmico das coroas e dos pilares híbridos na distribuição de tensão de próteses implanto-suportadas

João Paulo Mendes TRIBST; Amanda Maria de Oliveira DAL PIVA; Alexandre Luiz Souto BORGES; Marco Antonio BOTTINO

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.04218 Rev. odontol. UNESP, vol.47, n3, p.149-154, 2018
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Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: A new dental implant-abutment design is available with the possibility of improving aesthetic with no compromise of mechanical strength, using perforated CAD/CAM ceramic blocks.

Objective: This study evaluated the influence of crown and hybrid abutment ceramic materials combination on the stress distribution of external hexagon implant supported prosthesis.

Method: Zirconia, lithium disilicate and hybrid ceramic were evaluated, totaling 9 combinations of crown and mesostructure materials. For finite element analysis, a monolithic crown cemented over a hybrid abutment (mesostructure + titanium base) was modeled and screwed onto an external hexagon implant. Models were then exported in STEP format to analysis software, and the materials were considered isotropic, linear, elastic and homogeneous. An oblique load (30°, 300N) was applied to the central fossa bottom and the system’s fixation occurred on the bone’s base.

Result: For crown structure, flexible materials concentrate less stress than rigid ones. In analyzing the hybrid abutment, it presented higher stress values when it was made with zirconia combined with a hybrid ceramic crown. The stress distribution was similar regarding all combinations for the fixation screw and implant.

Conclusion: For external hexagon implant, the higher elastic modulus of the ceramic crowns associated with lower elastic modulus of the hybrid abutment shows a better stress distribution on the set, suggesting a promising mechanical behavior.

Keywords

Ceramics, finite element analysis, dental implants, dental implant-abutment design, dental materials

Resumo

Resumo: Introdução: Um novo design de pilar para implantes dentários está disponível com a possibilidade de melhorar a estética sem comprometer a resistência mecânica, usando blocos cerâmicos perfurados para CAD/CAM.

Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou a influência da combinação de diferentes materiais cerâmicos para coroa e para pilar híbrido na distribuição de tensões de prótese sobre implante hexágono externo.

Método: Zircônia, dissilicato de lítio e cerâmica híbrida foram avaliados, totalizando 9 combinações de materiais para coroa e mesoestrutura. Para análise de elementos finitos, uma coroa monolítica cimentada sobre um pilar híbrido (mesoestrutura + base de titânio) foi modelada sobre um implante de hexágono externo. Os modelos foram exportados em formato STEP para o software de análise, e os materiais foram considerados isotrópicos, lineares, elásticos e homogêneos. Uma carga oblíqua (30°, 300N) foi aplicada no fundo da fossa central e a fixação do sistema ocorreu na base do osso.

Resultado: Para a estrutura da coroa, os materiais flexíveis concentram menos tensão que os rígidos. Ao analisar o pilar híbrido, maiores valores de tensão foram observados quando feito com zircônia combinada com uma coroa de cerâmica híbrida. Em todas as combinações simuladas, a distribuição de tensões foi semelhante para o parafuso de fixação e o implante.

Conclusão: Associar um material cerâmico com elevado módulo elástico para a coroa com um material de menor módulo elástico para o pilar híbrido resulta em menor concentração de tensão máxima principal, sugerindo um comportamento mecânico promissor para o sistema hexágono externo.
 

Palavras-chave

Cerâmica, análise de elementos finitos, implantes dentários, desenho do pilar-implante, materiais dentários

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