Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/1807-2577.03023
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
Original Article

Impact of the burden of caregivers of children with ASD on oral health

Impacto da sobrecarga dos cuidadores de crianças com TEA na saúde bucal

Beatriz Bueno FALQUETTI; João Victor Soares RODRIGUES; Amanda PAINO-SANT’ANA; Mariella Boaretti DEROIDE; Gabriel MULINARI-SANTOS; Letícia Helena THEODORO

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Abstract

Introduction: the caregiver's demand to meet the needs of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can influence their quality of life.

Objective: the objective of the present study was to compare the burden on caregivers of individuals with ASD with individuals neurotypical (N) and to evaluate the correlation of the impact of oral health with the burden on these caregivers.

Material and method: participants were divided into two groups: ASD Group (ASD; n=35) and Neurotypical Group (N; n=35). A sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire was administered to caregivers. Caregiver burden was measured using the Burden Interview (BI) questionnaire. The visible plaque index (VPI) of children was analyzed. The data were submitted to statistical analysis (α=5%).

Result: in the group ASD, the majority of participants were partially dependent, with the majority being dependent on oral hygiene. In group N, the majority were independent and self-sufficient in oral hygiene. Half of the caregivers in the group ASD felt mild to moderate burden (54.3%), while in group N it was found that more than half of them had no burden (65.7%). In the comparative analysis of data from the BI questionnaire, significant differences were observed between the groups in questions (p <0.001), which are directly related to childcare. Regarding the VPI of children in the group ASD and N groups compared to the level of burden, it was observed that there were no significant differences between the groups.

Conclusion: ASD caregivers have a greater burden when compared to N caregivers and the degree of burden did not influence the oral hygiene of the child with ASD.

Keywords

Autism spectrum disorder, caregiver burden, oral hygiene

Resumo

Introdução: a demanda do cuidador em atender as necessidades de indivíduos com transtorno do espectro autista (TEA), pode influenciar na sua qualidade de vida.

Objetivo: o objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a sobrecarga de cuidadores de indivíduos com TEA com indivíduos neurotípicos (N) e avaliar a correlação do impacto da saúde bucal com a sobrecarga desses cuidadores.

Material e método: os participantes foram divididos em dois grupos: Grupo TEA (TEA; n=35) e Grupo Neurotípico (N; n=35). Foi aplicado aos cuidadores um questionário de características sociodemográficas. A sobrecarga dos cuidadores foi medida pelo questionário Burden Interview (BI). Foi analisado o índice de placa visível (IPV) das crianças. Os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística (α=5%).

Resultado: no grupo TEA a maioria dos participantes eram parcialmente dependentes, sendo a maioria dependentes na higienização bucal. No grupo N a maioria eram independentes e autossuficientes na higienização bucal. Metade dos cuidadores do grupo TEA apresentaram sobrecargas leve à moderada (54,3%). No grupo N constatou-se que a maioria enquadrava-se em nenhuma sobrecarga (65,7%). Na análise comparativa dos dados do questionário BI foram observadas diferenças significantes entre os grupos nas questões (p<0,001) que são diretamente relacionadas com os cuidados com os filhos. Com relação ao IPV das crianças do grupo TEA e N comparadas ao nível de sobrecarga, observou-se que não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos.

Conclusão: os cuidadores do grupo TEA apresentam maior sobrecarga quando comparados ao grupo N e não houve correlação entre a sobrecarga e o grau de higiene bucal.

Palavras-chave

Transtorno do espectro autista, sobrecarga do cuidador, higiene bucal

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Submitted date:
10/30/2023

Accepted date:
10/30/2023

6560b75ba953957018020ab3 rou Articles
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