Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
https://revodontolunesp.com.br/article/doi/10.1590/1807-2577.0097
Revista de Odontologia da UNESP
Original Article

Oral health education in school: parents’ attitudes and prevalence of caries in children

Educação em saúde bucal na escola: atitude dos pais e prevalência de cárie em crianças

Garbin, Cléa Adas Saliba; Soares, Gabriella Barreto; Dócusse, Fábia Regina Moraes; Garbin, Artênio José Ísper; Arcieri, Renato Moreira

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Abstract

Introduction: The promotion of oral health in children is highly important, as well as parents’ motivation to adopt the attitudes necessary for the maintenance of the health of their children. Objective: To evaluate parents’ attitudes about their children’s oral health and to determine the prevalence of dental caries. Material and method: A cross-sectional analytical study, conducted with parents and preschoolers from the elementary schools in Araçatuba. A formal instrument was used to collect data, in order to evaluate parents’ attitudes regarding their children’s oral health. A clinical oral exam was performed in order to determine the decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft) and Index of Oral Health–Simplified (IOH–S). The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 software. Result: The state of the children’s oral health was good; the mean of the decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft) was 0.68 (Standard deviation = 1.70). Most of the children presented a mean index of oral hygiene (IOHS = 1.51, Standard deviation = 0.48). The parents’ attitudes related to oral health were not very good. Many of them did not floss their children’s teeth; the bottle-fed children did not brush after feeding. The consumption of sugar was associated with the presence of dental plaque in the children (p=0.05). Nevertheless, in most cases, tooth brushing was performed by the parents and was associated with a good dmft index in the children (p=0.04). Conclusion: The state of children’s oral health in the present study was good. However, the parents’ attitudes in relation to oral health were not good.

Keywords

Oral health, attitudes, preschooler, health education.

Resumo

Introdução: Promoção de saúde bucal para as crianças é de grande importância, além da motivação dos pais para adoção de atitudes necessárias à manutenção da saúde dos seus filhos. Objetivo: Avaliar atitude dos pais e sobre a saúde bucal dos seus filhos e verificar a prevalência de cárie dentária das crianças. Material e método: Estudo transversal, analítico, realizado com pais e pré-escolares das Escolas de Educação Básica de Araçatuba. Para coleta de dados foi utilizado um instrumento com questões para avaliar a atitude dos pais em relação à saúde bucal dos seus filhos. Foi realizado exame clínico bucal das crianças, para verificar do índice de ceo-d e IHOS. Os dados coletados foram analisados no software SPSS 21.0. Resultado: A condição de saúde bucal das crianças era boa, média do ceo-d 0,68 (Desvio padrão= 1,70). A maioria das crianças apresentou um índice de higiene oral médio (1,51 IHOS, dp=0,48). A atitude dos pais relacionada à saúde bucal não foram muito adequadas, já que muitos não utilizavam fio dental na higienização dos seus filhos, as crianças faziam uso de mamadeira e não realizavam escovação após a alimentação. O consumo de açúcar esteve associado à presença de placa dentária nas crianças (p=0,05). No entanto, a prática de escovação dentária era realizada na maioria dos casos pelos pais e esteve associada ao bom índice de ceo-d das crianças (p=0,04). Conclusão: A condição de saúde bucal das crianças no estudo era boa, porém as atitudes relacionadas à saúde bucal realizadas pelos pais não foram adequadas.

Palavras-chave

Saúde bucal, atitude, pré-escolar, educação em saúde.

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